802.16 WiMax Wireless Broadband on the Horizon 169
"The IEEE 802.16e spec, which will support mobile applications, is expected to be complete by early 2005. Nextel, Sprint and BellSouth are all interested in the technology to deploy services like streaming video and TV, wireless phones, and high-speed Internet service in unserved, low-density areas near high-density ones. Mobile operators in developing countries like Brazil's NEOTEC group have already successfully tested an 802.16 wireless broadband deployment. Intel communications group executive VP and GM, Sean Maloney, is banking on it. From the article: 'We believe that WiMax can happen, and be widely deployed, and be a big deal in the next three years the same way Wi-Fi has been a big deal the last two years.' Mirrors at Network World Fusion, Techworld and PCWorld. What happens when techies start to build their own 802.16x WiMax VoIP systems?"
802.16 (Score:5, Funny)
I don't think this will displace 802.11 (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:I don't think this will displace 802.11 (Score:2, Informative)
different bands coexist (Score:2)
Re:different bands coexist (Score:1)
Re:different bands coexist (Score:2)
DTFM: 155Mbps / 20M 8bps
Cellphone connections are up to 19.2Kbps (GPRS).
Re:I don't think this will displace 802.11 (Score:1)
Re:I don't think this will displace 802.11 (Score:1)
Re:I don't think this will displace 802.11 (Score:2)
Re:I don't think this will displace 802.11 (Score:2)
great (Score:1, Funny)
This is promising. (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:This is promising. (Score:1)
Re:This is promising. (Score:5, Informative)
Usually, higher bandwith means higher frequency. Higher frequemcy means less range, since the waves is easilier interupted by obstacles, like trees. and so on. Someone care to explain this to me?
Without getting too technical - you're right, sort of. The article is rather muddled; it mentions the frequencies in question (2.5GHz region, which is microwave), and then has some confused sentence about "point-to-multipoint meaning no line-of-sight is necessary". Well, that's nonsense. Microwave propogation is almost exclusively line-of-sight. Without LOS, signal strength drops off dramatically.
However, if you use spread-spectrum techniques (which 802.16 does), you can overcome a lot of these problems. Basically, the characteristics of a wideband SS signal are such that multiple reflections (even weak ones) can be separately received and combined. This is a big gain over narrowband radio, where reflections cause inter-symbol interference which causes the signal to deteriorate.
Another factor that may be more significant - this standard seems mainly to be for delivering broadband to fixed installations (not mobile stations). Well that's an easier job by orders of magnitude: you only have to site the antennas correctly once, and you never have to worry about them moving around.
In conclusion: it's quite different from the radio technology we're most used to, and there's a little thing called progress to factor in too! :)
Hope that helps.
Re:This is promising. (Score:1)
Re:This is promising. (Score:1)
Think of it a bit like yelling in a room... The higher tone someone yells doesn't mean he is telling you more information than a person yelling in a lower tone... But if there are a bunch of people yelling in the
Re:This is promising. (Score:2)
Well, not in this case! The standard calls for a 300 mhz-range setup, broadcasting serveral 3.000 db signals.
Re:This is promising. (Score:1, Interesting)
Mod parent down, it's utterly wrong and it's clear the poster has no idea what he's talking about.
If you don't know what you're talking about (Score:5, Informative)
Spectral efficiency measures the ability of a wireless system to deliver information within a given amount of radio spectrum and is directly related to system capacity. It determines the amount of radio spectrum required to provide a given service (e.g., 10 kbps voice service, 100 kbps data service) and the number of base stations required to deliver that service to end users. In the latter years of deployment, when subscriber penetration is high, it becomes one of the primary determinants of system economics.
Spectral Efficiency = Channel Throughput/Channel Bandwidth
Spectral efficiency is measured in units of bits/second/Hertz/cell (b/s/Hz/cell). It determines the total throughput each base station (cell or sector) can support in a network in a given amount of spectrum.
Copied from: http://www.arraycomm.com/pcct/spectral_efficiency
There's a million places I could point you to. So to say that capacity and frequency are not related is simply wrong, if not ignorant. The same definition stands for all wireless communications schemes, regardless of whether they use cells or not. All operators, whether it's Telephony or Networking deploy their networks and offer services based on spectral efficiency and power needed to achieve that efficiency. Nothing else. Bit rates, Frequency and all the rest of it are just byproducts...
Re:If you don't know what you're talking about (Score:2)
Re:simple (Score:1)
MaZwell's equations uh? I trust you haven't been too busy reading then yourself
As for his famous "laws of EM waves", it might be something to do with tinfoil and clever pointy hat folding.
hmmmm... (Score:4, Funny)
Great...just what's needed from a phone provider: more wireless technology that they can provide terrible reception with.
yikes (Score:3, Funny)
Re:yikes (Score:3, Funny)
long range is nice (Score:1, Redundant)
this should be pretty sweet for rural networking. i foresee a flood of long range domestic and roaming wireless plans coming up circa 2005.
50 kilometers ? Power consumption ? (Score:4, Interesting)
I wonder if it becomes actually viable ... The power consumption might reduce the actual advantages for a laptop/mobile system ?. The battery is thing still dragging mobile computing , it's still 1970's space-age technology. But maybe methanol fuel cells will come up by 2005 end ?
[http://wiki.dotgnu.org/DotGNUPeople/gopz]
Re:50 kilometers ? Power consumption ? (Score:4, Funny)
Because before 70's "space age" batteries, they were using what? gerbil-powered dynamos?
Re:50 kilometers ? Power consumption ? (Score:1)
Before that we had lead acid cells that were waaaay too heavy to lug into space
(if the space race hadn't invented it , it would have been invented during the Third World War which would have happened in 80's)
50 Km range uh? (Score:5, Funny)
Omnidirectional antenna-equipped routers will double as handy microwave ovens.
Re:50 Km range uh? (Score:3, Informative)
It takes ~90 seconds for a 1000 watt microware to warm a glass of water, and quite a bit longer to actually boil it. 4-watts is minimal, and since RF power drops off at the inverse square, at 10' it's practically in the mW range. You'd have trouble even *warming* wat
What about Toshiba? (Score:1)
Does this have anything to do with them? Have they had any input/association with this? Have there been any copyright issues or anything?
Where will they find the Frequency (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:Where will they find the Frequency (Score:3, Informative)
All this really is, is warmed over MMDS [wcai.com]. MMDS was going to be the next big thing in the 90's - Sprint, in particular, was active in MMDS (you might remember it was called Sprint ION). As with a lot of new technologies, it was rolled out into a few markets, lost a lot of money [wirelessweek.com], and was shut down [nwfusion.com].
Flash forward a couple of years - 802.11b/g (WiFi) is hot (hence the name - WiMax), broadb
Re:Where will they find the Frequency (Score:2, Informative)
Actually, Sprint's MMDS offering was (is) called Sprint Wireless Broadband Direct. While they are not going after new customers, this service is still available in a few cities to existing customers. Sprint ION was more of a DSL/ATM/Voice combo. As far as I know, it had nothing to do with wireless service.
Re:Where will they find the Frequency (Score:2)
make it so restrictive that even my microwave will buzz my connection (802.11).
Actually, that was the fault of the standard writers and manufacturers. 2.4 GHz was allocated years ago as unlicensed spectrum for "industrial" use, like microwave heating systems (i.e. ovens). It was some time after that designation that people realized "hey, this is unregulated; we can put our radios up here and not worry about licenses!" So they did. Now everybody's in there, and complaining about interference. If they'
MaBell Will Stop This (Score:5, Interesting)
Too many people have way too much to loose if this becomes the standard like 802.11 has. In any urban or suburban areas, image how many Wifi hotspots there are within 50km... or even 25km.
Cell providers and ISP's are going to fight this every step of the way because of the competition this could pose... with the right hardware. How long before we see 802.14 VoIP handsets sold on thinkgeek?
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:3, Insightful)
Do you mean like how AOL and Compuserv killed the Internet? How Kodak and Fuji killed the digital camera? How Sun and IBM made Linux illegal? How the dial-up ISPs made sure DSL was never invented?
There is always a comment like this in stories about new technology here, but there is absolu
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:2)
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:2)
Fuel efficient engines indeed have been made and can be made, but the fact is that the only people who care to ask what efficiency rating their soon to be purchased car gets are people who live on
I don't know a single non-nerdish/intellectual type that purchased their car based on fuel efficiency. Like it or not, non-nerdis
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:2)
A commercial OS cannot survive without corporate contracts. OS/2 was used in several high-profile organizations, like UK Post. In spite of this IBM failed to fuel it (for whatever reason) and people have therefore been transitioning away from it. Of course, with the modern existence of Linux, OS/2 has no chance to survive.
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:1)
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:2)
I think something along the lines of GM buying up tram and light rail operators [wikipedia.org] in the 1930s and 1940s, and systematically shutting them down.
MaBell Will Stop This (doubt it) (Score:1)
Re:MaBell Will Stop This (Score:2)
Nextel, Sprint and Bellsouth(cingular) are all cellular service providers.
How fast is it? (Score:2, Interesting)
All I see anywhere is 'hundreds of megabits per second' but i haven't seen any actual numbers... anyone know?
Re:How fast is it? (Score:2, Insightful)
Great potential for developing countries (Score:4, Interesting)
We did a project once in Nigeria that depended on semi-reliable Internet connections across the country. The only option for our client was to install VSAT stations, at a cost of $50,000 each not counting operating costs.
With 50km point-to-point range it becomes very possible for operators to build a national IP network with local distribution via WiFi or cable.
This could do for Internet what the GSM has done for telephony in large parts of Africa (i.e. brought modern communications to millions of people who have never been able to get it before).
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:5, Interesting)
Yes there is. The fibre-optic cable is great for the internet backbone, but you don't have fibre to every house in the suburbs and rural areas. This wireless tech would be truly excellent here!
With 50km point-to-point range it becomes very possible for operators to build a national IP network with local distribution via WiFi or cable.
Not really. While you could build a wireless backbone using this technology, the bandwidth would suck. And using this tech for the backbone and using cable for local distribution would be insane. This new tech is great for the last mile distribution of internet access. The backbone is better built by using fiber.
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:1)
While you could build a wireless backbone using this technology, the bandwidth would suck
Have you any idea what sort of bandwidth requirements whole countries in Africa have, compared to the average US neighbourhood of a few thousand?
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:3, Insightful)
Have you any idea what kind of money can be saved and used for the developing economy if in 20 or 30 years time the entire Internet structure of a country doesn't need a complete replacement because they did things backwards like build backbones with WiFi?
If they're planning on developing, someday their bandwidth requirements will increase. They're either prep
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:2)
Indeed, I didn't make that clear in my post, but my argument was for cabling the backbones, which over great distances have less interference porential, and then that last mile solution would be the WiFi. (err. last 50km solution
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:2)
No, not really. But I would guess that a typical African national requirements would be orders of magnitudes higher than a typical US neighbourhood.
You don't build a internet backbone to match the capacity for internet usage today, but to match what you would want to do in the next couple (10?) of years.
If you have a multi-million population that you want to gi
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:3, Informative)
Using a decent wireless solution is the only IP backbone most places I have been have had. Microwave mostly, some spread spectrum stuff. 100mbit backbone would be amazing in a lot of poorer places. Sure, cable would be better, but significantly more expensive. A lot of governments don't care about mid to long term, because nobody plans that way when they t
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:2)
For many reasons this is not true in large parts of Africa. Heavy rain washes away entire roads, not to mention cables. Theft is an issue. Loose local authority means your cables are likely to be cut by arbitrary digging. Unclear land rights mean it's sometimes impossible to know who to contact for access rights. Crony competition (i.e. your competitors having friends in government) mean that it can take months or years for permits. Geography means there a
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:2)
For many reasons this is not true in large parts of Africa. Heavy rain washes away entire roads, not to mention cables. Theft is an issue.
True, there are some unique problems with using cable in Africa. You can't use it everywhere. But Nigeria is already using cable [cia.gov]. Just think about if they used fiber instead of coax! And you don't usually lay f
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:3, Interesting)
Microwave links are used, yes, but mainly as we might use leased lines - expensive point-to-point links between two business locations, between an ISP and a company, that kind of thing.
Microwave links do no
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:2)
Technically, this may be true (ignoring the issue of rural areas). But economically, this could finally break the monopoly of last-mile providers. Think of how great it will be to get a fast connection from a company without an interest in stifling change, cordoning off the free Internet, and keeping prices artificially high. I bet this development is what
USA will get broadband this way. (Score:2)
You see, one of the biggest problems with trying to set up broadband in the USA is the sheer size of the country and the fact USA metropolitan areas are so widely spread out, which drastically increases the cost of setting up DSL and cable modem broadband access. With WiMax, you essentially have solved the Last Mile problem of getting broadband access into the home, especially in rural areas. Also, because WiMax work
Re:Great potential for developing countries (Score:2)
WiMax in wide range of bands (Score:5, Interesting)
I wonder what this will do for adoption because the volume on the RF components will be fragmented across multiple bands. I also wonder if people will create WiMax variants that interfere with WiFi by operating in the same frequency space.
Re:WiMax in wide range of bands (Score:1)
I dont know much about this spec but I would guess that ISPs using it to create 1 or 2 or 5 networks around a city would be a handy thing. This seems to be what its for. AFAIK (im not an expert) tens of thousands of consumers setting up their own 802.16 networks with a 50km range would cause a major traffic jam in that spectrum.
But then, when they say that
Wonderful! and Open Source enabled? (Score:3, Insightful)
As so many (supposedly) Open Source coders have been ready to wave their legs in the air and sign NDAs to do drivers for various supposedly OS-Oses I won't hold my breath.
Don't know which ones? If they aren't 802.11b just try to see the hardware specs they used to write the driver. The code is NOT open if you can't publish the specs.
Security(WiMax) Security(WiFi)? (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Security(WiMax) Security(WiFi)? (Score:2)
Re:Security(WiMax) Security(WiFi)? (Score:2)
It's simple really... Either use IPv6 (prefered) or IPSec. Everyone can access it. It's got great encryption
Just boost wifi power to, oh say, 800-1400 watts (Score:4, Funny)
Re:Just boost wifi power to, oh say, 800-1400 watt (Score:1, Interesting)
During WWII, radar techs in Britain would frequently step outside in front of their radars to take the chill off the foggy, rainy british weather.
Oddly enough, many are today suffering from a form of blindness much akin to hard-boiling an egg. The proteins change from clear to white... (similar to cataracts, except the whole viscous substance in the eye) Also, cataracts too is much more common.
Strange coincidence,
Microwave, rf, big bucks and bandwidth (Score:2)
oh my!
This sounds expensive.
This sounds only like a service provider tool from a big building to a lot of locations with the downstread demarc connecting to service provider equipment with ethernet out or long haul out to remote locations. I can see this probably will be a tool for telcos or big companies/governments in the 3rd world or other locations in the US. I can see this used to feed bandwidth into more rural areas where high capacity fiber won't be pushed and then the big boys can push DSL while w
NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:3, Informative)
You can use spatial diversity (which is similar to cranking down the power, really), frequency diversity, and polarization diversity to prevent interference. If you choose frequency-agile user equipment, you could deploy many hotspots covering a particular area and use signal strength to choose which to use (a la cell phones). Similarly, using polarized antennas can lead to significantly less interference (rhcp vs lhcp, not just horiz vs vertical).
For instance: Using fairly directional antennas, aim RHCP si
Re:NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:2)
Re:NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:2)
You're welcome. I hate to bring it up, but have you thought about a "leaky coax" system? the antennas consist of a semi-shielded coax that is designed to 'leak' signal out along the cable, but not too far from the cable. (Like the travel info stations along a highway, for instance. The cable might span 2 miles, but the signal is undetectable a few hundred feet from the road.) You might think about stringing some leaky coax along major thoroughfares to serve customers near the antenna. Having the antenna nea
Re:NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:2)
I understand the bidirectionality of leaky coax - if the interfering 'buzz' extends into the GHz, you'll have problems regardless of whether you use leaky coax or over the air reception. I had assumed that you'd use a DRO filter and preamp on the coax to feed the receiver. Only RF interference in-band would matter. Just a thought. Good luck with your awesome technical challenge!
Re:NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:2)
Re:NYC: you tawkin' ta ME? (Score:2)
With all due respect, (Score:1, Flamebait)
A guy I know recently forked over a lot of $$$ for a "54mbit" setup (wireless cable router and a 54mbit PCI card) - the kit is spaced about 15 metres apart, with only 2 non-load-bearing walls (read partitions) in the way - it runs at about 10mbps.
My own kit is
Re:With all due respect, (Score:1)
Works for me.. (Score:2)
Being a standard makes it easy for me to buy components for my handheld, laptop, and desktops while still being cheap. And bonus! My cards are compatible with my company and also most of the coffee shops in the area.
Can you describe a system that works better? That
Re:With all due respect, (Score:1)
Re:With all due respect, (Score:1)
OK - it *says* its running at 22mbps - but it it actually able to transfer data at ~22mbps? If it's only used for internet access, its either impossible to tell, or you have very, very fast internet access
Re:With all due respect, (Score:2)
Re:With all due respect, (Score:1)
Re:With all due respect, (Score:2)
The 11 Mbit and 54 Mbit ratings are theoretical maximums, not something you are going to observe in the field. You have transmission and protocol overhead, interference (even with a few partitions in the way) and your crappy consumer-grade access point and card standing in the way of that kind of performance.
Re:With all due respect, (Score:1)
I don't know why slashdot is so hung up on WiFi (Score:2)
The most exciting telecomm development that I have seen in the last year is Verizon's announcement that they are going to roll out EV-DO in the US. This has already had serious consequences in the cellular industry, with AT&T/Cingular being forced to ac
Re:I don't know why slashdot is so hung up on WiFi (Score:1)
Intel is making a WiMax chip (Score:2)
From the article in the link
The Next Big Thing For Wireless? [businessweek.com]
The Next Big Thing For Wireless? WiMax is a lot fast
Return of the Marketdroid's (Score:1)
With commercially available equipment from Cisco you can already build a reliable 25Km link which requires that the antennas be mounted at the 150' level due to the curvature of the earth.
So the advertised range figures are possible but only in environme
Finally (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Finally (Score:3, Insightful)
Maybe I'm reading you wrong, but I have a couple of questions:
1. How do you define "long range"? With a couple of directional antennas, a 1 mile 802.11b link is very solid.
2. Have you looked at the previous articles on slashdot on last-mile 802.11* solutions? One of them pointed to fab-corp.com who I have dealt with, and whose products, service, and information are top notch.
If with FAB's information you're still overwhelmed, there
Five mod points, no sensible replies here (Score:5, Informative)
There is a link in my sig to my journal and there you'll find a brief description of how 802.11 (wireless lan) and 802.16 (wireless access) differ.
50km == 30 miles. I've installed 2400MHz and 5800MHz links on the same 22 mile path and I've done a bunch of other 20 +/- 2 mile shots using 5800MHz.
At 22 miles with 19dB dishes on each end we saw analog modem speeds with 2400MHz (802.11b) equipment. Using 29dB 2' Andrew dishes and 100mw 5800MHz radios we saw a solid 5+ mbits on a radio that maxed out at 8 mbits.
I've planned a 40km 45 mbit shot for a project that didn't go through - I think we had a 4' dish on the remote tower and a 6' dish on the skyscraper end of the link.
Whatever band and modulation method they're using in these breathy 802.16 announcements the physics aren't going to be much different than what I describe above - long shots are point to point, cells are small (3km - 4km) if you want to go fast, and I mentally say "snake oil" when I hear the letters O-F-D-M. It works, but it ain't "all that", as they say.
So, mod me wise, or mod me troll, but know this: The slashdot collective has as much business talking about wireless networking as any room full of male gynecologists and cross dressers has talking about childbirth.
5800MHz radios, Andrew dishes (Score:2)
I believe the antenna was an Andrew P2F - you can look at www.andrew.com for details. I recommened the Tesco catalog if you want info on antenna specs and such but you'll buy from eletro-comm.com. I've us
Re:5800MHz radios, Andrew dishes (Score:2)
Well dude, you're about to learn all about Fresnel zones.
You need to get a GPS reading from his house and from the location in the city where he wants to connect.
Line of site is a good start but 26 miles means you've got a first Fresnel zone radius of 77' at the midpoint and I used the cheater calculation that doesn't take earth curvature into account. If the Fresnel zone isn't clear you get signal loss - think of talking between two rooms with a door partially closed - the more closed the door, t
Re:Five mod points, no sensible replies here (Score:2)
For every one who could write that there seem to be about two thousand who think 802.11 in their house directly scales to the same speeds for hundreds of users in a metro area.
It isn't wheat from chaff, Mr Electron Sir, its more like needle in a haystack - you, me, and a handful of others with radio.clue and legions of potential 11M operators on the other side of the aisle.
50 K range? (Score:2, Funny)
Coming soon to Houston County, Georgia (Score:2)
Official Home Pa [wirelessho...county.org]
complications (Score:2)
(I'm asking because I honestly don't know.)