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Earth Power Businesses Stats United States

Does The Green Economy Create More Jobs Than The Fossil Fuel Industry? (arstechnica.com) 206

"Whereas the fossil fuel industry employs about 900,000 people in the U.S., green economy jobs -- those associated with non-oil energy -- number about 9.5 million," writes long-time Slashdot reader DavidHumus, citing a new study by two researchers at University College London.

On Ars Technica the study's authors shared their analysis of America's emerging green economy: According to new data, by 2016 it was generating more than $1.3 trillion in annual revenue and employed approximately 9.5 million people -- making it the largest green market in the world. It has been growing rapidly, too -- between 2013 and 2016, both the industry's value and employment figures grew by 20%... Our study estimates that revenue in the global green economy was $7.87 trillion in 2016. At $1.3 trillion, the U.S. made up 16.5% of the global market -- the largest in the world.

Our analysis also suggests that in the U.S., nearly ten times more people were employed in the green economy and its supply chains (9.5 million) than employed directly in the fossil fuel industry (roughly 1 million) -- that is, miners, electricity grid workers, infrastructure manufacturers, and construction workers. This wide gap comes despite the U.S. fossil fuel industry receiving huge subsidies, estimated at $649 billion in 2015 alone.

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Does The Green Economy Create More Jobs Than The Fossil Fuel Industry?

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  • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @01:36PM (#59350342)
    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      I know, all those good jobs for working class people, and for what?

      In related news there is more than enough offshore wind in shallow waters and only the areas where it blows the most to both power the entire world and create a huge cheap energy boom: https://www.theguardian.com/en... [theguardian.com]

    • I was going to list a few of the benefits of developing larger scale use of alternative energy resources. The list you pointed out is more complete.

      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        There are many advantages to renewables, but "creating more jobs" is NOT one of them.

        If option X requires more labor than option Y, thus diverting workers from productive activities elsewhere in the economy, that is a NEGATIVE.

        If we want to "create jobs", then that is easy: Ban shovels, and require ditch diggers to use teaspoons.

        • involved in changing an entire civilization's primary source of power. Building solar, wind and nuke plants to the point where even 50% of our power comes from them is likely to be a 100 years worth of full employment. That'll give us some breathing room until we transition to a post-full-time-work economy.
          • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

            involved in changing an entire civilization's primary source of power.

            No, I am absolutely NOT underestimating it.

            What I am saying is that it is a BAD THING that it requires so much effort, and it would be much better if we could do it all with NO effort.

            The point made in the TFA, that it is a GOOD THING that it is an enormous effort requiring the diversion of trillions of dollars of resources from other priorities, is idiotic.

            • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @05:21PM (#59350818)
              For the last 40 years or so the middle class in most countries has suffered while the ruling class has benefited. Yes, you can point to China doing marginally better, but it's entirely possible, even likely, that that has more to do with modernization creating more wealth than the existing wealth in the world being spread more. e.g. China's gains are not America's losses.

              We're at levels of wealth inequity not seen since the great depression. And most economists/historians will tell you that what got us out of that depression was WWI & II. That's because:

              a. We killed millions of working age men, reducing labor supply.

              b. We blew up Europe, which required us to rebuild it.

              c. The cold war meant capitalists were scared to move their factories overseas, meaning a solid middle class could form w/o having to face a race to the bottom.

              What I'm getting at is this: The Broken Window "Fallacy" isn't one. Not in the world we live in now. That's because the theory rests on the shopkeep spending the money he saves on windows. We are way, way, _way_ past a world of shopkeepers. The Shopkeeper where I'm at doesn't make enough money to afford a 1 bedroom apartment in a bad neighborhood without driving Uber & Lyft on the side and working a second job. The profits from the shop go to the top and no where else. And as a result the mega rich aren't reinvesting their profits. They're hoarding them and turning them into political power.

              Things change. The world Adam Smith and his fellow economists occupied is long gone. Robber Barrons killed it. For a time you could go west, slaughter some Indians and go back to a time when small shop keeps didn't compete with mega conglomerates. Even that's gone, with every square inch of land worth owning on this ball of rock claimed by someone already who's got enough firepower to start a war.

              This isn't to say we break windows. Instead, we build things we want. Things that will benefit everybody. You know, what they used to call "Infrastructure" before "Starve the Beast" politics and non-stop pro-corporate propaganda filled our heads with an almost religious fervor.

              And yes, you're still underestimating the size of the job. Everybody does. Always. For every job. Let alone one this big. It's a fundamental shift in human civilization. On par with the switch from Bronze to Iron to Steel. And if we screw it up we're in for another 1200 years of Dark Ages.
              • a. We killed millions of working age men, reducing labor supply.
                 

                Thanos 2020
                Make Wages Great Again

              • For the last 40 years or so the middle class in most countries has suffered while the ruling class has benefited.

                And right there, you are already 100% wrong. The middle class has benefited amazingly over the past 40 years.
                In 1979, the lower class was 10% of the population while the upper class constituted 29%.
                in 2018, the lower class was 9% of the population while the upper class constituted 49%. There are more upper class people than middle class!

                And that's just in America and western Europe. The billions of people in Africa, India, and China have had their standards of living rise at levels best measured by order

            • I have to take Bill's side in this.

              When it takes 10 x as many people to create the same number of MWh, what you're doing is absolutely awful, not better.

              In this case, it's far worse. Because you have many times as many people, producing less than 2% of what the other guys are producing.

              It's a clown show. And it will never be anything more than that, until we get hundreds of thorium reactors (or even better, fusion) online.
        • by _xeno_ ( 155264 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @03:00PM (#59350520) Homepage Journal

          This is trivially the well known "broken windows" fallacy [wikipedia.org].

          Sure, you can "create more jobs" by demanding everyone do something in a more inefficient way, but that ignores the jobs and productivity you're losing by doing them in this inefficient way. Someone who is doing make-work projects is not doing something useful.

          An argument could be made that the fossil fuel industry ignores costs by passing those costs onto society, but that's not the argument the study is making. The study is saying that the "green economy" produces less energy using more workers. That's not a good thing.

          And the "green economy" produces CO2 and waste as well. It also tends to have a much larger environmental impact, because you can't build a small plant and carefully control emissions there, you instead have to build enormous fields for solar and wind, or dam rivers for water, creating enormous environmental impacts that frequently get ignored because it's "renewable."

          You can't just say "it produces more money" while ignoring the entire picture. That is literally the lesson that the parable of the broken window is supposed to teach us.

          • by Uecker ( 1842596 )

            There are a couple of things missing in this discussion. "jobs" is not the right measure. Cost is. A technology can still be more cost effective even though it needs more workers if it uses less other resources. Second and more importantly, we are talking about a transition where plants a build. The jobs are a measure where we invest in and not what is needed to keep the system running. So if we are building a low of wind power but shut down coal it is simply impossible use the number of "jobs" in the in

        • Insofar that if you have a limited supply of workers to employ. If you have unemployment, creating new jobs is a net benefit for all involved.

          • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

            If you have unemployment, creating new jobs is a net benefit for all involved.

            If the jobs are unproductive, then they have to be subsidized, which means someone else has to be taxed. Those taxes are diverted from spending on goods and services elsewhere in the economy, thus reducing employment and lowering living standards.

            Make work jobs are NOT "good for the economy".

            There are times (e.g. the Great Depression, and possibly the 2008 recession) where aggregate demand collapses and it makes sense to have the government "prime the pump" by being the employer of last resort. But even t

        • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

          We have a problem that needs fixing, so why not get some quality jobs out of it too? Also just so happens that the best solution is the jobs one too.

          • by Mashiki ( 184564 )

            In truth the jobs don't show up, and when they do they're extremely finite. This is a repeat of the "don't go into trades! You'll be working with computers and in an office" that was pushed through the 80's, 90's and 00's. Just like in Greece, Spain, Germany, Canada the jobs never materialize and when they do there's suddenly a glut of workers and the number of workers depresses wages.

            Here's an example from Ontario. Your average sheet metal worker(trade), now makes more money after their apprenticeship

            • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

              If anyone could do 7 weeks of training and earn $88k why isn't everyone earning much less than $88k?

              And is it really a good idea to be become a truck driver when automated trucks are only a few years away and the haulage industry will be the first to adopt them?

        • You have made a key error.

          First, if X requires more labor than Y equivelent, it doesn't get done unless it it has significant advantages. There is NO such thing as work that is a net negative for the economy. But more importantly, you are working off a false premise - that we want or need 'more jobs'.

          Second, "Creating Jobs" is easy. The truth is we have too many jobs, that is why we have immigration problems. The problem is that those jobs suck. The pay is low, the work is hard.

          What we want and ne

        • Some economist said that wealth is created when assets move from a lower-valued use to a higher-valued use. (This includes simple barter; each participant gets something he/she values more than what they give up.)

          Moving people to lower-valued work decreases wealth.

          • True, if constrained by the number of workers. Don't forget to account for the very lowest value 'job' though: Unemployment. In time of high unemployment it may be beneficial to create even low-valued jobs. Governments sometimes turn the situation to their advantage by starting labor-intensive construction projects.

        • exactly right.
          At this time, we should have LESS labor hours / unit of energy. In addition, it should have less emissions / unit.
        • But you mustn't be comparing a *steady state* of fossil fuels with a *transition* to renewables in this case. If you are, then you're comparing the incomparable.
        • Also, the numbers in the summary are false. There's no $649 Billion in subsidies. They're counting their guesses about climate change, health care, plus all the taxes the study authors think governments should collect (but don't) from people who buy fuel. In reality, fossil fuels are one of the most taxed industries, with the government making more money from a gallon of gas than either the gas station, the distributor, or the refiner does.

          The reported "green jobs" measurement is also flawed. Is working in

        • There are many advantages to renewables, but "creating more jobs" is NOT one of them.

          If option X requires more labor than option Y, thus diverting workers from productive activities elsewhere in the economy, that is a NEGATIVE.

          If we want to "create jobs", then that is easy: Ban shovels, and require ditch diggers to use teaspoons.

          Not when there's a lot of skilled workers either unemployed or doing simple shitty jobs for peanuts just to get by. Why not give them better jobs so that they can benefit themselves & society better?

          One of the fundamental roles of government is to ensure that its citizens get "good" jobs & so can live healthy productive lives. They can't do that working for Walmart, Amazon, McDonald's, or Uber.

    • by quenda ( 644621 )

      Sounds like Pascals's Wager. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... [wikipedia.org]
      (except one is real. Funny how the people denying the overwhelming evidence on the former are happy to take the latter on faith :-) )

      The problem is that if we ever take climate change seriously, there will be a massive diversion of resources to tackle it.
      Everything else will suffer: personal income and government spending on healthcare, education, transport, defence etc.

      Right now it looks easy because we are only picking the low-hanging fruit. Bu

  • Sure, Zorg dropped a glass and there was a flurry of activity. I see apples and oranges here.

  • by iggymanz ( 596061 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @01:51PM (#59350388)

    The fossil fuel industry employs much more than 900000 in the USA alone. The workers in coal, gas, and oil alone are over 1.1 million. Now add in power production from fossil fuel (2.3 million) and fuel distribution and sales.... it's huge

    • by OYAHHH ( 322809 )

      I agree, how many people are employed just in gas stations alone. I will tell you: A LOT!

      • 467,648 people where employed in 2017 for the sole purpose of extracting gas, coal and nuclear fuel.

  • Is who cares? If the green economy loses jobs, it's still the right thing to do. People will survive, but not if we don't have a habitable planet to live on.

    • Re:The real question (Score:4, Informative)

      by ShanghaiBill ( 739463 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @04:05PM (#59350616)

      If the green economy loses jobs, it's still the right thing to do.

      If the green economy loses jobs, that makes it a BETTER thing to do.

      Requiring less labor is a GOOD THING.

      • Requiring less labor is a GOOD THING.

        Labor is what you barter (by way of money as an intermediary) for the goods and services you require. If there isn't much demand for labor, what else are you going to offer in exchange for the things you need? Reduced demand for labor is all well and good until it's your labor that's no longer needed.

        "I never thought a robot would replace me!" , sobs man who voted for the "Robots Replacing Workers Party".

        • If there isn't much demand for labor, what else are you going to offer in exchange for the things you need?

          If the rich don't want goods and services from the poor, then why can't the poor just provide goods and services to each other?

  • by Empiric ( 675968 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @02:01PM (#59350418)

    "Green" is a meaningless term. There is no "absolute green" or "zero green" anything. Even solar has negative environmental effects in its supply chain. If we admit that, do we get to hide that fact behind the "green" nature of the end result, focusing solely on the upside?

    On this relative scale, -everything-, including the oil industry, is "green". Surely, one can't claim there's never been the slightest effort anywhere in the oil industry to limit or reduce environmental impact. That's simply a false projection intended to make a political division between "the good guys" and "the bad guys" (i.e., "them"). Or, with equivalent lack of honesty, through a company marketing plan showing, or rather claiming, how "green" their product is.

    Finally, for the most part, comparing the size of the "economies" between a system doing production efficiently, and the jobs dedicated to doing them inefficiently (at a given state of knowledge), is just a variant of the Broken Window fallacy. There are very good reasons to protect the environment, but this kind of comparison is logically and economically perverse. The "green" job is not focused on creating efficiency or value, it's focused on reducing both for the sake of the environment. The guy making and installing windows to protect from the weather is not producing the same a the guy breaking the windows due to government mandate. It -might- be existentially necessary to break the windows, but that has to be evaluated as a separate issue. The window-breaker claiming he's "green" due to he's providing natural cooling rather than air conditioning is not automatically some holy shade of green merely by making the claim.

  • The Green New Deal will create millions of new jobs in renewable energy, infrastructure improvement worker re-training. It includes a job guarantee.

    According to The Washington Post (February 11, 2019), the resolution calls for a “10-year national mobilization” whose primary goals would be:[46]

    "Guaranteeing a job with a family-sustaining wage, adequate family and medical leave, paid vacations, and retirement security to all people of the United States."
    "Providing all people of the United States w

    • Sounds like a lot of magical thinking without any actual plans on how to accomplish any of that. Also what the hell does a job guarantee and free college have to do with helping out the environment?

      Idiocy like the Green New Deal that's laden with crap peddled by equity merchants are why environmental reform is essentially impossible. Get rid of that crud and find some middle ground related to the environment and you'll find plenty of conservatives that are on board with passing that legislation. Start ta
    • The Green New Deal is about totalitarianism as much as it is about the environment, but.... even if it was all good, where do they expect to get the money for all of this? Would a quarillion dollars do the trick?
      • 'Course, part of the Green New Deal is about liberal-arts college kids teaching farmers how to farm.
        • by mspohr ( 589790 )

          I must have missed that part... do you have a reference for that or is it just something you made up?

          • I sorta made it up, but it was from...

            "Working collaboratively with farmers and ranchers in the United States to eliminate pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector as much as is technologically feasible."

            • by suutar ( 1860506 )

              I'm completely failing to see a path from the sentence you quoted to the statement you made. Can you please clarify?

              • It reminded me of old stories about the Peace Corps... people with good intentions trying to teach sustenance farmers deep in some remote part of South America or somewhere how they should really be farming.

                I was, in fact, trying to make a joke.

                • Actually... the Peace Corps does really try to help, whereas the Green New Deal looks like plain evil with a green bow. I was unfair to the Peace Corps.
      • by mspohr ( 589790 )

        Tax the rich.

        • Tax the rich.

          Of course, that always works.... but sooner or later you run out of either rich people's money or rich people.

  • by Solandri ( 704621 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @02:07PM (#59350428)

    While traveling by car during one of his many overseas travels, Professor Milton Friedman spotted scores of road builders moving earth with shovels instead of modern machinery. When he asked why powerful equipment wasn't used instead of so many laborers, his host told him it was to keep employment high in the construction industry. If they used tractors or modern road building equipment, fewer people would have jobs was his host's logic.

    "Then instead of shovels, why don't you give them spoons and create even more jobs?" Friedman inquired.

    If green energy is creating more jobs while producing the same amount of energy, then that means it's less efficient than the fossil fuel industry, and bad for the economy overall.

    Economic productivity is increased when you do jobs more efficiently. You produce the same amount of something (goods, services, energy) using fewer workers (or more stuff with the same number of workers). That frees up people to work in new jobs created by new emerging technology (most recent big one was computers) which acts as a force multiplier for productivity. That's why giving construction workers shovels or spoons doesn't help your economy. You're needlessly wasting labor on something that could be accomplished with a lot less labor, tying up workers who could be doing something productive elsewhere.

    The whole thing began back in antiquity. It used to be that each family grew their own crops, raised their own food animals, hunted their own game, built their own house, sewed their own clothes, etc. Then we figured out that specializing allowed people to gain more expertise and become better at that one job - a blacksmith could produce more and better metal products using less labor per product. That put people out of work in that field, but that was OK because it freed them up to specialize in their own field. They could then trade with each other for what they needed - a dairy farmer could trade milk and eggs, a blacksmith could trade metal products, a carpenter could trade wood products, a mason could trade stone products, etc.

    Every improvement in technology means fewer jobs and resources are needed per product. If this drops the price of the product far enough, it can result in a net increase in the number of jobs in that industry as the number of products sold increases (e.g. what happened to cars when they went from a plaything for the rich, to a tool for the masses). But energy production is capped by energy consumption. So unless green energy is dropping the price of energy so low that we're each consuming a lot more of it, it's actually a bad thing for the green economy to require more jobs than the fossil fuel economy. It means it's more labor-intensive - it requires more people to produce each megawatt-hour of energy, not fewer it as should happen in a growing and developing economy.

    • it means that there is a cost to get an entirely new form or large scale energy generation up and running.

      It's like why nobody bother's trying to compete with AT&T/Cox/Comcast. They've already spent billions (much of it paid for by taxpayers). It's the old "You've got to spend money to make money".

      Long term renewables will be less labor intensive. This is actually a problem, since there will be fewer jobs. But the huge influx of new jobs will hopefully give our civilization some breathing room w
    • If green energy is creating more jobs while producing the same amount of energy, then that means it's less efficient than the fossil fuel industry, and bad for the economy overall.

      That's only necessarily true if you value natural capital at $0. But all wealth is derived from the land, and the biosphere is necessary for all human life, so clearly the value of the environment is not $0.

      Economic productivity is increased when you do jobs more efficiently.

      Yes, but ecological damage is also often increased when you do jobs "more efficiently". This is because your supposed improvements in efficiency are actually improvements in worker productivity, and not in efficiency at all. If it takes more energy to do the work, then it's actually less efficient. And i

    • by Kjella ( 173770 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @08:38PM (#59351208) Homepage

      They could then trade with each other for what they needed - a dairy farmer could trade milk and eggs, a blacksmith could trade metal products, a carpenter could trade wood products, a mason could trade stone products, etc.

      The opposite of this is poaching, if you let economic forces run wild resources go from plentiful to endangered to extinct. On a human time scale oil and gas are extracted and consumed, not produced. And I don't mean like the sun will swallow the earth a billion years, but like what's left in the year 2100? 2500? We're taking hundreds of millions of years of sediments and stripping them clean in a few centuries. I've actually considered this as one of the factors in the Drake equation, that any sentient civilization will burn brightly as they devour the resources of that world and then collapses into a barren husk. Like the days when you could get non-trivial amounts of gold with a washing pan in Klondyke is long since gone, if society was starting over it'd take us forever to find viable resources to extract because the easy pickings are long since exhausted.

  • by Kohath ( 38547 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @02:15PM (#59350440)

    ., nearly ten times more people were employed in the green economy and its supply chains (9.5 million) than employed directly in the fossil fuel industry (roughly 1 million)

    So when you combine every tangentially related person on one side, you get a big number. And when you very narrowly define the other side, you get a small number.

    And then you report it that way. Not because you're honestly trying to inform people.

    Seriously, why is it that honest, straight, non-exaggerated facts are never good enough?

    • you don't get to eat. So if you want to get people to support renewables then you need to make sure you tell them that renewables aren't going to kill their jobs.

      And no, saying "But Climate Change!" isn't going to make them change their minds. Climate change is years from now but rent's due next week.
    • The argument is even more idiotic if you stop the think about it, even if the numbers weren't disingenuous. That's an extra 8.5 million people that couldn't be doing something else just to produce around the same energy that we have now. If they really want a lot of jobs, just takes our agricultural practices back to what we had at the founding of the country when the majority of the population needed to work on farms just to be able to feed everyone.

      If we could discover a source of energy that only took
      • This is only true if there are other jobs to do. And I know there are SOME other jobs to do, but how many politicians (like Trump) have promised the return of good paying jobs in industries like coal that have been destroyed by productivity gains? These green jobs are the jobs that need getting done. If there was a lot of waiting work somewhere else, the gig economy wouldn't be so big despite the low pay and lousy conditions.

        But on top of that, you're jumping to an incorrect conclusion. Sometimes more peopl

  • Those green jobs are the entire industry, to have an unbiased comparison you would need to include fuel truck drivers, gas station attendants, car mechanics, etc. The fossil fuel industry is still way bigger.
    • by laffer1 ( 701823 )

      That's misleading too. You may still have stores or other jobs available. When people wait at quick chargers, they still need something to do. Further, EVs don't need as much maintenance but it's not zero either.

  • If a "study" was done I bet you it would show that the "Corn Flakes" economy creates more jobs than the "Fossil Fuel" industry.

    Especially when the "Corn Flakes" economy includes everything needed to make a box of Corn Flakes, distribute, market, sell, consume, clean up and get rid of the waste products.

    • For example the animators that draw the cartoons that the corn flake cereal ads run during!

      They are being imprecise in their comparison, lumping 3% of the IS population into 'green jobs'.

  • "Green economy"
  • You can't just look at raw numbers and draw a conclusion without considering the maturity of an industry. All industries in their infancy are inefficient. Oil drilling used to require a lot more people. Take a look at any historical photo of an oil field. Spindletop is a perfect example. Hundreds of wells in close proximity to each other. These days with advanced drilling techniques, one surface infrastructure unit can span out over vast areas.
    Point being that green jobs will eventually become more ef

  • ..,you're telling me green energy is vastly less labor-efficient?
    • Yes, that's why 1 out of every 30 Americans works in a green energy job! (9.5 million out of 320 million)

      The evil fossil fuel industry gets along with one-tenth the number of workers (1 million out of 320 million Americans).

      Of course, no one knows how they defined 'green job' except it doesn't involve working in the fossil fuel industry...

  • Fuck jobs. That's a stupid way to look at a problem that effects human health and well-being. All the money (or jobs) in the world don't matter if your environment is making you sick.
  • The number of workers being far higher for less output means that labor costs will be higher. It's no mystery that alternative energy costs more.

    Here's a good analogy I recall hearing that displays this well. What does a physician call an alternative medicine that works? MEDICINE.

    If "alternative energy" worked then we wouldn't call it "alternative", now would we. There is another thing that is also telling. I'll hear people talk about "non-hydro renewable energy". Is hydro a renewable energy source?

  • How about do stop all this "Green Economy" Bullshit and start shutting down the "fossil fuel" economy. We all survived just fine without it all of it before. Use horses and wagons etc.. Yeah it takes longer to get somewhere but think if the children! No more car accidents killing children, no more drunk drivers, no more unhealthy air to breath. Think of the birds! Think how many birds will be spared from being sliced and diced by those awful windmills. It would also reduce a lot of that big money in politi

  • The definition of a green job Being used here is only slightly more specific than 'don't work in fossil fuel industry' - I find it hard to believe that nearly 1 out of every 30 Americans [0] works in the so-called' green energy field.

    Where is the accounting for all the grants to train solar panel installers, underwrite solar panel factories, fund solar panel research, and surcharges paid solar owners for their excess energy above and beyond the market value of their sporadic, largely unpredictable excess ki

  • "green" energy is costing nations so much.
    All the workers installing, selling, regulating, looking after projects. Then replacing old "green" energy projects?
    A new big battery in 10 years? Better get ready for that cost.
    Thats a lot of green supply chains to look after and profit from.
  • by MSTCrow5429 ( 642744 ) on Saturday October 26, 2019 @06:44PM (#59350990)

    We can have the green economy create the most jobs by having the windmills be rotated by people on a cogwheel, or maybe manually moving solar panels around to catch the sun. What matters is how much wealth each person creates.

  • According to the article
    "The US stopped recording green job statistics several years ago, but these suggested 3.4 million people worked in the sector in 2011. Maslin and Georgeson used a much broader set of 26 sub-sectors including wind and solar power, marine pollution controls, carbon capture, biodiversity and air pollution. Maslin says the figures have been underestimated in the past, partly because the green economy is so diffuse"

    In other words, they just pulled the numbers out of their asses

  • When you account for the maintenance required for all fossil fuel powered products, absolutely not.

    Gas engines need constant maintenance, electric motors do not.
    Heating oil furnaces requires annual maintenance, electric heat does not.
    Leak that fuel, need a clean up. Electricity doesn't leak mostly :).
    Trucking all that fuel around takes a lot of players, once electric lines are up it's mostly done.
    Not to mention all the jobs created to clean up after fossil fuel products, once everything is converted

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