Harnessing High Altitude Wind Power 132
jakosc writes "The Economist has an interesting article about increasing the efficiency of wind-powered generators by turning them into flying wind farms. These tethered generators would harness high speed jet stream winds above 15,000 ft and in theory could give outputs of 40MW per generator (PDF). The developer's website has more details of some of the safety, technological, and economic issues."
Dupe. (Score:5, Interesting)
Check http://www.magenn.com/ [magenn.com] for example. And much less dangerous.
yeah, big dupe (Score:2)
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Re:Dupe. (Score:5, Interesting)
I'm happen to be an expert in aircraft structures and based on what I said [slashdot.org] in the original thread, I really wonder if they know what they are talking about. The Economist article talks about aluminum tethers and from what I can tell such cables would be physically impossible. That is basic stuff to get wrong.
Secondly, a winged platform with horizontal-axis turbines would make more sense. Their helicopter-ish layout uses a lot of rotor structure to present a little area to the airflow. You cannot tilt the platform to present more rotor area to the airflow because the lift vector has to be parallel to the anchor cables where they attach to the vehicle. Those cables which will be nearly vertical, that is basic catenary physics and there is nothing you can do about it unless you use other lift vehicles to hold the tether up (the way high-altitude kites work.)
Thirdly, the jet stream meanders around. Are they thinking about moving the turbines to follow the jet stream? How would that work? Would they move their restricted airspace region to follow them? And what kind of ground station would be massive enough to bear the large forces this thing generates and be portable enough to drive on roads?
Fourthly, it will have either be certified by the FAA or will have to fly over uninhabited areas. Flying things crash, they always crash, and a 10 kilometer cable whipping down on you from the sky is a nasty thought. Certification has killed more than a few projects that otherwise seemed like good ideas.
I'm not saying it's all impossible. Just unlikely.
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This is true, I did some calculations on the other thread that showed aluminum probably couldn't be made to work and graphite probably could. The property you need is a high tensile strength/density ratio. Kevlar and Specta also have very high ratios, so they could be used as the load carrying reinforcement.
The advantage of graphite is that it is conductive and could maybe be used as the conductor too so you wouldn't need the aluminum. That would add risk to the project because it may never have be done b
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The resistivity of graphite fibers varies quite a bit. For example the venerable Toray T300 fibers are listed around 2000 microohms-cm, while Union Carbide P100's are around 250. You have to be careful because bulk carbon is different. Aluminum is about 2.7 in those units. Graphite can be specially made to have lower resistivity but I'll use the 250 value for ROM calcs. Use a 16km cable length.
So if we assume a 1 in^2 cable section (6 cm^2) and they can manage to get 15kV, the current for 40MW is 2667A. T
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Just for posterity's sake, I knew something was wrong with para 5.
The formula for energy density should be E=1/2mV^2=1/2*rho*V*V^2=rho/2*V^3 so the wind speed would be V=(20000/.4)^.333=36 m/s (132 kph). That makes more sense.
So energy density goes with the cube not the square of wind speed. The speed of the airflow on the back side of the turbine will be Vf=36/2^.333=28 m/s. Force per unit turbine area is F=.4*36*(36-28)=115.2N and Ftot=115.2*4000=460800N (103000 lbs).
So in terms of the forces involved
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Re:I know a guy who tells people he is a Physicist (Score:2)
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http://www.eere.energy.gov/ [energy.gov]
http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ [epa.gov]
http://www.nano.gov/ [nano.gov]
Yes, our government is working on the problem(s), if budget cuts don't go too far, this is one place where our Tax money is well spent.
Supporting research (Score:1)
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maybe not... (Score:4, Insightful)
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At 80m, it's about 70 TW. So to make one percent, you'd need around 20000 of them at 40MW. On the bright side, that would be about 0.8TW, or almost half of the current electricity consumption of the human world..
At higher altitudes (which this is), the energy is somewhat higher, I understand.
Total energy from the sun is somewhere around 170.000 TW, if I recall correctly.
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You're implicitly assuming that 1% or 0.1% or whatever is a "small number", but there is no way of predicting that. Furthermore, you're calculating the percetage based on total wind energy, but these devices can extract energy only from a particular kind of flow, hence the percentage of energy removed from those kinds of flows will be much larger.
Nobody can predict what the effect of a widespread deployment of such devices would be, and we need to be quite careful not to rush into another "quick fix" soluti
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I was merely putting out numbers and putting them in perspective. I did not mean to imply anything. I'll let the scientist do the impact calculations, I'm not qualified for that at all.
It might interest you to know, though, that the 70TW is supposed to be available for windpower at 80m, not total wind energy at that level. So for total windpower, the number is much too small; from what I've read, total earth window is in the 1e16W range (but I am not really sure on that one).
I do not agree that there is "
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Well, and what perspective would that be?
I did not mean to imply anything.
Sure you did.
It might interest you to know, though, that the 70TW is supposed to be available for windpower at 80m, not total wind energy at that level. So for total windpower, the number is much too small;
Those numbers are just as irrelevant as your previous numbers. These devices don't randomly capture wind energy out of the total wind energy, they capture one specifi
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Well, and what perspective would that be?
I did not mean to imply anything.
Sure you did.
You seem to be in denial of reality, and I have no time for religious types. PLONK.
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(sunlight reaches the earth at a rate of about 1300 W/m^2; model the earth as a big disk with a radius of ~6,000,000 meters; 1300*3.14*6000000^2 = 1.45*10^17 watts; 1 t
Moving target (Score:4, Insightful)
If the discussion were about substituting current consumption only, I would agree wholeheartedly. But first, we are talking about a growing number of people, and second, most of these people would like a better standard of living, which means a higher energy consumption.
If the rest of the world had the same standard of living as the upper middle class of the USA, the world would consume at least ten times more energy than it does today. Any discussion about alternate energy sources must consider that we need a supply that's much bigger than the current level.
And let's not get lost in that "reducing usage" argument. A considerable fraction of mankind today has such subhuman energy consumption level that's impossible to reduce it further, no matter how efficient you get. Yes, by all means, let the rich Americans share subcompacts instead of each driving an SUV, but there's very little that the peasant that walks from his hut to his field which he digs with a hoe and a shovel can do to reduce energy use. And these are the majority of the people in the world, we must both increase energy production *and* use it more efficiently at the same time.
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I wouldn't immediately say that we couldn't increase standard of living while remaining at the same power consumption level. There are 300M Americans, thats 5% of the population. I am not prepared to state that technology couldn't enable the same amount of useful work that is done by devices in a 2kW (average) household to be done with just 200W. Many devices are hugely inefficient and badly designed.
I only *just barely* agree with your thesis that development without increased energy output at the sourc
wrong calculation (Score:2)
I'm not saying that we shouldn't explore these options, but with future energy options, we should study the environmental impact a lot more carefully ahead of time than we did for coal
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Just consider it a small cooling effect to offset the warming effect generated by Cow methane.
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Trouble is that cow methane is causing problems at ground level; taking energy out of the atmosphere at high levels could easily make global warming worse.
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And to reiterate my rebuttal in the last dupe: The energy removed from the atmosphere when the planet's coal plants were disabled might far overshadow the energy harnessed and reused...
Wind energy is prevelant, replenished b
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First, how do you know whether 0.1% is significant or insignificant? This isn't your kitchen fan, this is a planetary wide wind system.
Second, if these devices actually yield cheap abundant energy, that percentage won't stay at 0.1%, it will increase.
The energy removed from the atmosphere when the planet's coal plants were disabled might far overshado
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The planet isn't some big lump of rock
sure it is. You're thinking of the biosphere, which is the Earth we actually care about.
I'm not. I think the solution to our energy problems is to reduce energy usage, not to keep looking for that magic bullet solution of abundant, free energy.
Looking for a "magic bullet" solution sparked the industrial revolution, bub. The "free" energy of the river replaced the hard work of grinding by hand. The "free" chemical energy of whale oil replaced the difficult process of making candles. And, most recently,
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You're apparently having trouble with some of the different meanings of "planet".
Looking for a "magic bullet" solution sparked the industrial revolution, bub.
The 19th and early 20th century was the time of hucksters and snake oil salesmen, people selling products responsible for a lot of death and suffering. These days, our drugs are carefully screened and tested.
And just like we have learned a lot about how to introduc
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Your suggestion that we reduce energy usage is nice, but where do you draw the line? Do we go back to the hunter-gatherer days of yore when we consumed little energy but died around age 20? How far should we go to compromise our comfortable lifestyle so that you can feel good about using one less kilowatt hour per person?
Re:maybe not... (Score:4, Insightful)
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I have no idea. In fact nobody does. And that's my point.
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We know that coal-fired plants have a large negetive impact on the environment so trying new forms of energy is the only sensible way forward.
To be cautious about exploring new sources of energy because of unknown environmental impact seems overly superstitious to me.
Ben
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I'm not "cautious about exploring" them, I'm simply pointing out that there is a good chance that they will have a harmful impact on the environment.
We know that coal-fired plants have a large negetive impact on the environment so trying new forms of energy is the only sensible way forward.
Actually, the sensible way forward is to greatly reduce our energy usage. We could easily redu
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In this house, we obey the laws of thermodynamics! (Score:1)
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Cables can snap, structures and components can fail, flying wind turbines get in the way of air traffic, etc. To be reasonably safe, flying power farms would need to be at least 50km from inhabited areas (maybe more, depending on how slowly they and their components crash given any particular failure mode) and 100km away from all commercial air corridors to avoid interference with emergency landings since planes can certainly plow through a wind farm faster
Cessna Swatters (Score:3, Funny)
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I would run out of gas and die of hypoxia before I reached anywhere near 15000 feet. But hitting that cable would be more exciting than a two liter bottle of Jolt Cola.
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I welcome (Score:1, Offtopic)
Seriously, it reminds me of a flying isle Laputa from the famous Jonathan Swift novel...
now i've seen it all (Score:1)
who knows, maybe in a couple of years there will be underground wind turbines, that will harness the strong winds in caves
what's wrong with keeping them on the ground?
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who knows, maybe in a couple of years there will be underground wind turbines, that will harness the strong winds in caves
what's wrong with keeping them on the ground?"
If there's economic incentive to build the other kinds of wind farms, then what's wrong is the efficiency level.
Re:now i've seen it all (Score:5, Insightful)
These are the same people that move in near airports (because of the low-prices) and then complain about the noise and occasional fuel dump. THAT'S WHY THE PRICES WERE LOW. The airport's been there for 80 years, so you had to know what you were getting yourself into.
I'm a GW skeptic, but I'm all about buying efficient devices and trying alternative energy, especially if a non-governmental organization has found a way actually make something profitable. I get disheartened and disillusioned with "environmentalism" when the very people clamoring for alternative energy are the ones shooting down the projects.
We should have some kind of survey, and have people check off the kinds of power they don't want near them, and if they check off too many items, they're not allowed to talk.
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I feel much the same way, but then again you have to realize that many of those people don't think humans should be using any energy at all, other than that produced by "natural" means such as cows and horses and, of course, plants. They're also complete hypocrites, most of them. Sure, they will readily admit that we'll require some "adjustments" to our l
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#1. Burning dead dinosaur goo is "natural", just like horses, cows, etc.
#2. No they are not just as in love with their internet connections as I am. That is not possible. I love mine much more. Don't mess with my internet connection!
You may want to differentiate between idealists and radicals. The true radicals really would give up the conveniences listed as your uncle suggested. Idealists, no.
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On the other hand, I know way too many people that bitch and moan about "da environment" (as if they even know what the term means) and about "technology" being bad (as if "technology" were some single entity that can be blamed for all the world's ills) while simu
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The beautificationists are also ignorant, but they care more about the view outside their window than a polluted river 5 miles away (nicely out of sight). They should indeed shut
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I think they're pretty, but not the answer to our energy needs for the sa
Ex-Wife (Score:1)
I these are the people who are perennially unhappy. They will never be satisfied.
Many years from now, when we have eradicated poverty, war and hunger, when we have unlimited source of clean power, blah, blah, blah. Guess who will be out protesting something? Yes, these very same kind of people.
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Global warming (Score:3, Funny)
Interesting? (Score:5, Insightful)
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1. No
2. There is lots of energy in the wind, we cannot extract much of it
3. High altitute winds are powered by temperature differentials, which we'll be leaving alone
This might help mitigate global climate change, not because we're extracting energy, but because we could move away from burning stuff to make energy.
P.S. Nothing humans will do can compare to the amount of heat reflected/radiat
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something's missing (Score:1)
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A = 15000 feet
B = some function of wind speed, lift, and weight
C = the length of the extension cord
D = Profit???
Obligatory Red Aler Quote (Score:1)
It is simple (Score:3, Funny)
You cannot even afford to produce pencils.
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I did the analysis, thats why I am going solar and wind.
Stuff is being delivered in the fall after hurricane season...
Safer for the birds (Score:1)
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrage_balloon [wikipedia.org]
You really don't have to go that far (Score:2)
But I do like the idea of getting 40mW of power out of flying platforms. Put it this way, about ten of these would supply the city I live in.
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Another Bad Idea (Score:1)
combine it with the ocean? (Score:2)
Just wondering aloud here...
Instead of putting the generators in the air, perhaps they could just put a big kite up there with carbon nano-fibers connecting it to a base station on the surface of the ocean. The cables could connect to a pulley system at the bottom of the ocean. As the jetstream yanks the kite about, the cable turns wheels connected to a generator on the ocean surface. They also submerge huge bouys that go to the bottom of the ocean.
The idea of the bouys is to capture the energy that wo
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didn't explain my concept properly (Score:1)
The reason you go with a bouy system is that it is extremely scalable. You could just have a huge weight going down a hole, but then when the jetstream's force pulls the weight all the way u
RTFA (Score:2)
It's suggested as an alternative.
Two kites, with control surfaces to allow them to make less drag when on the retrieve leg. Much better plan then pulling a (very strong) buoy deep under water.
This has potential... (Score:3, Funny)
This could make a great historical demonstration of Ben Franklin's lightning/kite experiment when lightning [wikipedia.org] "improves" the efficiency of the system by finding the shortest path to ground by dropping 500MW for 1 sec down a 40MW cable. (Don't touch the key hanging on the end). The instant heating [wikipedia.org] to 28,000C might also cause a few issues. Lightning can be formed in man circumstances, so watching out for cumulo nimbus clouds and pulling down the system isn't a sure bet.
The only thing I could find on lightning in their information was in the pdf [stanford.edu]:
I am a proponent of Open [shpegs.org], Renewable [shpegs.org] and Baseload Reliable [shpegs.org] systems.
It's all fun until mad scientists run amok... (Score:5, Funny)
Is anyone else concerned that there will be a "Doc Ock" working with a high energy device?
Of course, the anchor tether will have to be stronger than spider's silk, so there should be someone on hand to keep Doc Ock in check! [imdb.com]
Better Source Of Energy..... (Score:1)
In the winter, they should hold open-door meetings, so that all the hot air they blow can flow out through the doors into the city, and keep the Eastern Seaboard nice and cozy during those nasty winters.
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Dilbert: "If I do that, the Special Interests win. The integrity of out democratic process will be violated. Our Founding Fathers would spin in their
Re:rather old news.. (Score:4, Funny)
rj
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(Yes I know my ID is higher than his)
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Care to site sources? From my understanding most new wind farms don't seem to make much difference as far as environmental impact because of the slow moving blades.
As in... No noise. No dead birds. Etc etc.
If you have the older systems, I think you may face more environmental issues.
And if you are talking about energy being removed from the system causing global cooling... Well... We can build a few more cattle farms to
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