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Power

Wind, Solar Fulfill 10% of Global Electricity Demand For First Time (theregister.com) 270

In a global first, wind and solar energy combined to generate more than 10 percent of the world's electricity in 2021 -- though coal-fired power plant generation and emissions jumped to new highs in the same period, too. The Register reports: The 2022 Power Transition Trends report by Bloomberg New Energy Fund (BNEF) found that power generation emissions in general leapt up in 2021 as the global economy rebounded from the COVID-19 pandemic. Much of that new power generation came from renewable sources, with wind and solar accounting for three quarters of capacity added in 2021. When accounting for hydro, nuclear, and other zero-carbon power sources, that number rises to 85 percent of 2021's new capacity.

Those gains were spoiled by a resurgence in coal-fired power plants, use of which BNEF said was up by a record 8.5 percent between 2020 and 2021. BNEF cites rapidly rebounding energy demand (which rose 5.6 percent year-on-year in 2021), reduced hydro generation due to droughts, and high natural gas prices in Europe as primary drivers of the coal surge. [...] For the first time since 2013, BNEF said in the report (PDF), "coal-fired power plants were the top contributor to top-line power generation growth." The report said that coal accounted for the majority of additional generation in 2021 -- not to be confused with newly added generation, of which coal was a small component.

Still, coal continues to occupy the largest single share of global electricity generation at 27 percent, and it may continue to rise in 2022 "as European nations seek short-term solutions to compensate for droughts and extremely high gas prices," BNEF said. While European coal plants might be earning the blame, they aren't responsible for most of the coal generation, BNEF said. That honor belongs to three countries that account for 63 percent of burned coal: China, India, and the United States. China holds the crown for coal-fired power generation, accounting for 52 percent of total coal usage in the world. India accounts for 11 percent of coal, while the US burns approximately 9 percent. The US could see itself slip out of the top three, however, as BNEF said it's the only country in the top 10 coal burners to reduce its coal generation since the beginning of the decade.

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Wind, Solar Fulfill 10% of Global Electricity Demand For First Time

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  • What Percentage (Score:2, Interesting)

    What total percentage of our electricity production can renewables achieve? If we can't achieve 100% renewable energy, where will the additional electricity production come from? If the goal is zero carbon, what will the additional production come from? Nuclear?
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by drinkypoo ( 153816 )

      What total percentage of our electricity production can renewables achieve?

      By when?

      If we can't achieve 100% renewable energy,

      The only question is whether we will make it that far, not whether that's physically possible.

      If the goal is zero carbon

      No, it's negative carbon. We have to remove some ~150 PPM CO2 from the atmosphere.

      what will the additional production come from? Nuclear?

      Nuclear is not zero-carbon. It's not even literally zero-carbon while operating, though it's close. Over its lifecycle, it is responsible for more emissions than solar, let alone wind. Implementing nuclear has been responsible for a certain amount of decarbonization because it has replaced (or eliminated the need for additiona

      • Re:What Percentage (Score:5, Insightful)

        by Miles_O'Toole ( 5152533 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @07:36AM (#62926225)

        Thanks for having more patience with that level of ignorance than I can deal with anymore. One missing element (because it's beyond the scope of the comment you replied to) is subsidies. I would dearly love to see all current renewable energy subsidies discontinued, then replaced by every dollar currently paid by taxpayers as fossil fuel subsidies. The fossil fuel and nuclear energy sectors have had more than enough taxpayer assistance. They should stand or fall on their own.

        • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

          Both onshore and offshore wind are no subsidy free in Europe. In fact they are trying to out-bid each other with the lowest prices for their energy now.

          • You're right, but you might be overlooking something. In Europe, the model for successful wind farms often includes significant benefits to the community hosting the wind farm and its support network. I was around 'way back at the start, when there were several European pilot projects focussing on ways to ensure that the locals would be allies rather than enemies. It wasn't about handouts. It was about providing well paid jobs, dealing responsibly with environmental impacts, ensuring that people who wer

      • Re:What Percentage (Score:4, Informative)

        by guruevi ( 827432 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @08:13AM (#62926273)

        Each kilowatt hour of electricity generated over the lifetime of a nuclear plant has an emissions footprint of 4 grammes of CO2 equivalent (gCO2e/kWh). The footprint of solar comes in at 6gCO2e/kWh and wind is also 4gCO2e/kWh.

        https://www.nature.com/article... [nature.com]

        • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

          by drinkypoo ( 153816 )

          If you cite the full paper I'll read it, otherwise I'll dismiss it. I'm not judging it by an abstract.

          • Someone cites actual research and you dismiss because you don't know how to access a paper, while providing no references for the claims you pulled out of your ass?

            Here, if anyone's never heard of sci-hub:

            https://sci-hub.se/10.1038/s41... [sci-hub.se]

        • Bullshit. Post the text behind your paywall link.

        • by jsonn ( 792303 )
          Sadly, the full article is paywalled and I can't even access it via my university. It is important to note that the majority of the footprint of solar panels comes from the refinement of the silicon and the various metals. None of those have inherent CO2 emissions as the processes can be driven entirely from electricity already. Both wind turbines and traditional power plants require varying amounts of concrete and there are no good carbon neutral production methods for that so far. Nuclear plants will inhe
          • by guruevi ( 827432 )

            AmiMojo's source says:

            The median for nuclear is 12g (as if that disproved my statement)
            His source says onshore and offshore wind 11 and 12g respectively.
            The same source said the median for utility solar is 48g. That source also said 740g for co-firing and 230g for dedicated biomass (which is what wood etc is).

            Ergo, solar is 4x worse than nuclear and wind is barely on par, besides the fact that both of the other technologies are not at all stable.

        • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

          That depends very much where the nuclear fuel comes from. If it's being mined, as most of it is, then the type of mining has a huge effect.

          The IPCC's last report on climate change gave nuclear a range of lifetime emissions per kWh of electrical energy produced in the range of 3.7g to 110g CO2. The median being 12g.

          https://www.ipcc.ch/site/asset... [www.ipcc.ch]

      • >"Nuclear is not zero-carbon."

        No energy production (or distribution) is zero carbon unless all the materials and devices to make the materials and methods for installing and maintaining the devices/materials are being powered by zero-carbon. Worse if you throw in removal/decommission/recycling of everything that wears out. And that is not likely to change in OUR lifetime, at least.

        For example, China is using tons and tons of coal to produce the materials to make solar panels- to manufacture them, and t

      • Re:What Percentage (Score:5, Informative)

        by atomicalgebra ( 4566883 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @08:30AM (#62926309)

        You are a fucking liar. The IPCC rates nuclear at 12 g CO2 per kWh. That is comparable to wind(11-12) and much better than solar(41). That includes its entire lifecycle.

        There is not one example of wind and solar deep decarbonize a country. Not one. Germany failed to decarbonize after spending 500 billion euros.

        If the goal is negative carbon we need nuclear

        • $500 billion coincidentally is equal to the cleanup costs [scientificamerican.com] for Fukushima. Here [cleanenergywire.org] is what Germany accomplished with that money.
          • Looks like they failed to decarbonize. Failed! If they spent it on new nuclear they would be 100% clean right now.

            PS - Earthquakes and tsunamis are nonexistent in Germany.

          • What did they accomplish? Four times higher carbon emissions than France per kwh?

        • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

          by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

          If we need nuclear we are screwed, because we can't wait 20 years for it and we can't afford it.

          To give you an idea, new nuclear in the UK is currently around the £150/MWh mark. Last month offshore wind auctions came in around £25/MWh. And the cost of wind energy is falling.

          There is no example of a country that decarbonized with nuclear either. France's per capita emissions aren't much lower than the UK's, despite France being further south and so enjoying a better climate.

          • Re: (Score:2, Flamebait)

            We need nuclear, and we are screwed. JFC you antinukers have opposed nuclear energy for longer than I have been alive. France and Sweden deep decarbonized with nuclear. French average emissions are really low. Even in a bad year they are much better than UK and especially Germany

            Wind is intermittent. So being cheap does not mean jack squat when you have to keep burning fossil fuels to overcome intermittency.

            • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

              Emissions per capita, in tons:

              France 5.13
              UK 5.55

              Clearly France has not has a "deep decarbonization" with nuclear, it's pretty close to the UK in fact.

              The other thing I forgot to mention about your figure is that 12g is the median. The IPCC report gives a minimum of 3.7g and a maximum of 110g for nuclear, so while it is possible for nuclear to be low emission it does require the right circumstances and rules. Of course nuclear fans hate rules because they push up the cost even further.

        • by Ichijo ( 607641 )

          Germany failed to decarbonize after spending 500 billion euros.

          And since construction began almost 15 years ago, France failed to get their Flamanville 3 nuclear reactor online. Failed!

          At least Germany has something to show for their efforts. [cleanenergywire.org]

      • by kick6 ( 1081615 )

        The only question is whether we will make it that far, not whether that's physically possible.

        If whether or not we have enough rare earths and lithium to achieve this isn't ALSO a question...we're asking the wrong questions.

      • by vakuona ( 788200 )

        Wind is not predictable in any meaningful sense for the purpose of generating energy.

        And renewables are definitely not load following, and therefore if that is a strike against nuclear, it is doubly so for wind and solar as they add unpredictability to the mix.

      • IIRC solar and wind produce little in absolute value and density so their infrastructure and production costs are actually not that great compared to nuclear. Nuclear is extremely dense and manageable compared to large fields of wind or solar. One no-brainer is solar on roofs as that space is already claimed, but for the other cases, it's not that clear of a benefit.

        Also, I'd like more information on "we're past the point at which you can reasonably add more nuclear to the mix anyway". Aside from a few cou

      • Re:What Percentage (Score:4, Informative)

        by anonymous scaredycat ( 7362120 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @10:09AM (#62926575)
        I am not sure where you get the idea that nuclear power doesn't do load following.

        I just did a quick web search and found this report(from 2011) https://www.oecd-nea.org/uploa... [oecd-nea.org]

        One quote from the report:-

        Today, some reactors in France and Germany operate in the load-following mode with large daily power variations of about 50% of rated power. In these countries, and also in some others, nuclear power plants participate in the frequency control on the grid.

        Some other types of power generation/storage are better(faster/more efficient) at load following than nuclear but that does not mean that nuclear power plants don't do load following. It may be that in some countries, or parts of the grid(s) in some countries, there has been no need for nuclear plants to do load following but that does not mean they can't.

    • by jsonn ( 792303 )
      Stop worrying about electricity production. Large parts of the world use the majority of primary energy for heating (or cooling). Convert use of thermal energy to renewable energy forms, e.g. combined with thermal storage options, and electricity will be handled as by-product. Thermal storage is also vastly cheaper and easier to scale than storing electricity.
      • Electricity is the focus because it's both the easiest and the most universal. You can use electricity to generate heat whenever and wherever you need it very efficiently. It's also easy to transport, which is important because many places where people live don't have sufficient access to renewable energy at the point of use. Instead you can capture that energy elsewhere and bring it in over relatively inexpensive and efficient wires.

        By focusing everything on electricity generation we also get economies of

        • by jsonn ( 792303 )
          No, it is the focus of media and politics because it is easier to reach milestones. It sounds so much better to say "We have produced 50% of our electricity from renewable sources" than "We have produced 20% of our primary energy from renewable sources".
          I didn't say anything about using how the energy is produced, but where the focus on consumption should be. Consider a medium to large city with 100 or 200 thousand inhabits in a somewhat windy area. If you already have a district heating system or are wil
          • > If you already have a district heating system or are willing to build one

            Parts of NYC have district heating, and it's a fucking nightmare. District heat is one of those ideas that really sound amazing but are not all they're cracked up to be in practice. Worse, the vast majority of that heat comes from fossil fuel

            For the cost and efficiency, you're MUCH better off swapping all heat energy needs to electric sources, especially now that heat pumps are a thing. Doubly so if your source of energy is someth

      • "Large parts of the world" also produce a small portion of global CO2 emissions.
        https://www.ucsusa.org/resourc... [ucsusa.org]

        It's basically China, US, EU, India, Russia responsible for 3/4 emissions, and are pretty well electrified. If you look at it by sector, energy generation is the first or second largest contributor, the other being transportation, which we also want to electrify.

    • by leonbev ( 111395 )

      Without much better battery technology, I'm not sure that we can achieve 100% renewable energy. That's the primary problem with getting your power from the wind and the sun... neither are all that reliable.

      • I'm betting on green hydrogen.

        Well, mentally betting that is.

      • by jwhyche ( 6192 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @11:03AM (#62926727) Homepage

        Without much better battery technology, I'm not sure that we can achieve 100% renewable energy. That's the primary problem with getting your power from the wind and the sun... neither are all that reliable.

        Well you pretty much nailed the issue on the head. It doesn't matter how you spin it solar and wind are not, and will never be 100% reliable. That is not to dismiss them as source of energy, that is just the nature of the beast. But we still have plenty of other renewable power that we can tap, wind and solar are just low hanging fruit.

        Personally, I'm more of a fan of geothermal. Of all the renewal options geothermal has the potential to be most reliable, scalable, as well as environmentally friendly. It also is probably the most difficult to develop an bring to market.

        The way the current plans forward seem to be shaping out is wind and solar when feasible, with a strong nuclear base to fill in the gaps using SRMs as they become available. There are attempts to store excess energy production using battery and other storage systems but those are not really working out as expected. Current data is still trending to a load as demand system as we currently have now. Which will not be the optimum system.

        Fortunately, there is still plenty of research going on in alternative energy sources, and storage technologies. Who knows what might happen in the next few yeas. There has been some rattling over in the fusion camp that looks promising.... in 20 years.

      • by jsonn ( 792303 )
        We don't need electric batteries. Take a look e.g. at Siemens-Gamesa's ETAS in Hamburg [siemensgamesa.com]. Just in terms of electric energy, it has an investment cost comparable to Lithium-based batteries. When you hook something like that up to a district heating system, you can double tap the stored energy to provide heating as well as electricity. Keeping in mind that the majority of the primary energy use in most first world countries is for heating, that's actually more important.
    • by jwhyche ( 6192 )

      What total percentage of our electricity production can renewables achieve? If we can't achieve 100% renewable energy, where will the additional electricity production come from? If the goal is zero carbon, what will the additional production come from? Nuclear?

      Someone explain why this is a Troll. These are legitimate questions.

  • Coal (Score:5, Informative)

    by markdavis ( 642305 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @07:53AM (#62926251)

    >"China, India, and the United States"

    Lets put that in perspective:

    China 4631 ************
    India 947 **
    USA 774 *

    China is 600% more than the USA, and RISING, already accounting for more than 50% of all coal burning in the whole world combined. They increased this by 15% in just the last year. In the USA it has been dropping every year over the last decade.

    https://www.iea.org/data-and-s... [iea.org]

    • Re:Coal (Score:4, Informative)

      by jsonn ( 792303 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @08:18AM (#62926281)
      To put that into perspective, according to Wikipedia, the USA created 12.6% of primary energy from renewable sources, but China is at 15.9% for end of 2020.
    • oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo China 4631
      oooooo India 947
      ooooo USA 774

      Also worth noting is that the accumulated amount and the per capita amount aren't nearly as favorable for the USA, to put it mildly.

  • We're 5 decades too late already. While 10% is a nice milestone, it should've been reached in the 1970ies. We have a lot of catching up to do and time is running out, fast. We have to close the gap from two ends: radical saving and energy efficiency and radical solar and wind. And we need to make it happen yesterday, there is not much time left.

    • by clovis ( 4684 )

      We're 5 decades too late already. While 10% is a nice milestone, it should've been reached in the 1970ies. We have a lot of catching up to do and time is running out, fast. We have to close the gap from two ends: radical saving and energy efficiency and radical solar and wind. And we need to make it happen yesterday, there is not much time left.

      What technology would we have used in the 1970's that would be even remotely affordable then?

      • by Ichijo ( 607641 )

        What technology would we have used in the 1970's that would be even remotely affordable then?

        Wind power would have been more affordable back then if we had built and installed wind turbines in large volumes in order to "harness" economies of scale.

      • Nuclear [wikipedia.org]

  • by Ecuador ( 740021 ) on Friday September 30, 2022 @09:20AM (#62926419) Homepage

    It's actually quite impressive given that most countries (including the US) have really not taken the transition seriously and fossil fuels keep being directly or indirectly subsidized. Imagine how easy it would be to go towards 100% if governments actually cared...

  • And nuclear power could fulfill the other 110% of demand.

  • We can do better by blowing up more pipelines, the strategy currently adopted, apparently.

  • and it may continue to rise in 2022 "as European nations seek short-term solutions to compensate for droughts and extremely high gas prices," BNEF said.

    Time to get serious and go nuclear. It turns out that the real world doesn't care that you'd prefer to power everything with moonbeams and unicorn farts.

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