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Power Government

California's Governor Proposes Extending the Life of Its Last Nuclear Plant (apnews.com) 176

"California Gov. Gavin Newsom on Friday proposed extending the life of the state's last operating nuclear power plant by five to 10 years," reports the Associated Press, "to maintain reliable power supplies in the climate change era." Newsom's draft proposal includes a potential forgivable loan for PG&E for up to $1.4 billion and would require state agencies to act quickly to clear the way for the reactors to continue running. The seaside plant located midway between Los Angeles and San Francisco produces 9% of the state's electricity. The proposal says its continued operation beyond 2025 is "critical to ensure statewide energy system reliability" as climate change stresses the energy system....

Newsom clearly wants to avoid a repeat of August 2020, when a record heat wave caused a surge in power use for air conditioning that overtaxed California's electrical grid. That caused two consecutive nights of rolling blackouts for the state, affecting hundreds of thousands of residential and business customers. The Newsom administration is pushing to expand clean energy, as the state aims to cut emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. Nuclear power doesn't produce carbon pollution like fossil fuels, but leaves behind waste that can remain dangerously radioactive for centuries.

The California Legislature has less than three weeks to determine if it will endorse the plan and attempt to extend the life of the plant — a decision that would be made amid looming questions over the costs and earthquake safety risks.... The Democratic governor, who is seen as a possible future White House candidate, has urged PG&E for months to pursue a longer run beyond a scheduled closing by 2025, warning that the plant's power is needed as the state transitions to solar, wind and other renewable sources of energy.

One concerned Democratic state Senator (from the district housing the plant) argued that another earthquake fault was discovered near the plant in 2008, and reminded the Associated Press that "seismic upgrades were never totally completed. Will they address that?"
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California's Governor Proposes Extending the Life of Its Last Nuclear Plant

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  • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @11:42AM (#62786222)
    it's too expensive to maintain. So the plants get run well past their intended lifecycle. In a country that tends to privatize everything and with the people making the maintenance decisions living hundreds of miles away from a potential disaster site the incentives are too risky. Especially since wind and solar can provide baseload power [skepticalscience.com].

    Fun fact: The CEOs responsible for the Fukashima disaster suffered no repercussions and the Japanese people blamed the engineers who stayed behind to fight the meltdown. If I was an engineer you couldn't pay me enough to work on a nuke plant.
    • it's too expensive to maintain. So the plants get run well past their intended lifecycle.

      You're not wrong, but there's a move afoot to make smaller reactors that are assembled remotely and installed where needed. When maintenance is required, or when they reach end of life, they are pulled up and returned to the original factory.

      These new designs are largely automated and can't melt down and cause an accident, and they can't be used to make weapons-grade material either.

      The theory is that once the design is finalized, a new power gen station only needs to meet a minimum level of standards to ac

      • If we can get over the bureaucratic issues, nuclear might prove to be a viable stop-gap solution for power until the time when we have enough solar, wind, and grid-scale storage to run the entire system.

        Stop-gap for what? You would not be able to build a single reactor in the time needed to reach climate goals even if it were green lit today. It simply cannot be built.

        You don't stand on a train track looking at an oncoming train and hope to god that a construction crew will come and change the path of the railway. That's suicide in the most literal sense.

      • by HiThere ( 15173 )

        The new reactor designs are unproven. They're great for research, but I don't know that they can be trusted enough to aim them at ANY widespread use. The lab at Los Alamos has started researching how to make them work, and that sounds about right, though I'd have two or three separate projects. E.g. I've been told that Molten Salt has huge corrosion problems that need to be solved.

        That said, solar isn't sufficient for baseload. You need a huge battery backup (of some sort, including pumping water uphill

      • there's a move afoot to make smaller reactors that are assembled remotely and installed where needed.

        They just got regulatory approval to build the first one. There's a move afoot to prototype a smaller reactor that blah blah blah.

      • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @12:34PM (#62786336)
        We can't get over the bureaucratic issues because they're there for a reason. Nuclear power is dangerous. Companies will cut corners if they're not watched. Look at Boeing and the 737 Max. Important safety equipment was sold as an 'add-on'. DLC basically.

        The problem is you can never trust corporations because it's a lot of people making small, mildly evil decisions that can and will eventually add up to major evil. Regulation is meant to control that while netting us the benefits of competition. If CEOs were held criminally accountable (like engineers are) that might not be the case, but we give CEOs so much power it's not possible to do that, and it's useless to pretend it is.
      • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @12:55PM (#62786362) Homepage Journal

        The modular reactors made by NuScale need refuelling every 2 years. They are going to be swapping them out regularly for refurbishment. I'm sceptical that it will work out any cheaper.

        And when you say they can't melt down, but there's no reason why they can't. They claim that the reactors will passively cool themselves safely in "most" accidents, but that very much depends on their cooling systems not getting damaged. Say there is a big earthquake of the kind California is due for, the lateral forces could easily cause the plumbing to fail or the reaction control system to get jammed. They require a pool of water for cooling too, which could crack and drain away.

        Stanford reviewed their design and said it produces more nuclear waste than convention designs. That will either need to be stored on site (another hazard that can cause explosions) or kept somewhere else, maybe their refuelling facility.

    • by stikves ( 127823 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @12:05PM (#62786284) Homepage

      Nuclear in California is not priced higher because of cost of generation, but literally because California asks them to do so.

      The main driver deterring PG&E from seeking a 20-year operating licence extension is the 2015 renewable portfolio standard (RPS) of producing 50% of its electricity from qualified renewable energy sources by 2030. PG&E’s model for the future cost of operating Diablo Canyon indicated that the cost per kilowatt hour was going to almost double, since the company would be forced to lower the amount of power it could produce from the plant in order to meet the state’s requirement. Dropping the capacity factor from the current 92% to say 50% would virtually double the price per kilowatt hour since costs are largely fixed.

      https://world-nuclear.org/info... [world-nuclear.org]

      How can you stay profitable if your fixed costs don't change, but your only customer decides to buy only half of your stock?

      They can easily keep costs low by just buying more nuclear power, or rather buying the old amount. Newsom is basically throwing $1.4 billion not to generate any electricity

      • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

        Or they could get creative and use that excess energy for things like desalination. Or they could invest in infrastructure to make exporting it possible.

        Sounds like they just want to get paid, rather than adapting to the needs of climate change. They made plenty of money from fossil fuels, time to pay some of it back as profitable infrastructure upgrades.

        • Or they could sell it to electric utilities in other states who don't differentiate one electron from another. Maybe that would motivate Texas to connect to the rest of the US grid!
          • Texas IS connected to the nationwide grid. Here is a link https://www.ercot.com/gridmkti... [ercot.com] At this moment(3PM CST Sat) it appears TX is importing around 600MW from the east DC link and around 200MW from the north. DC links are used so that you don't need sync'ed 60Hz across the regions.
            • Yes and the total capacity of those interconnects is about 1200MW. If the grids were synchronized, that amount could be imported from Diablo Canyon alone. I'm not advocating for such a thing as I don't fully understand the political or other technical ramifications. But the reality is that being able to buy that Diablo Canyon power that California doesn't want would be beneficial in Texas right now. Of course at some point California might come to it's senses and then the connection is for nothing.
              • East/West grids of the US have the exact same issue. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... [wikipedia.org] "The electrical power grid that powers Northern America is not a single grid, but is instead divided into multiple wide area synchronous grids.[1] The Eastern Interconnection and the Western Interconnection are the largest. Three other regions include the Texas Interconnection, the Quebec Interconnection, and the Alaska Interconnection. Each region delivers power at a nominal 60 Hz frequency. The regions are not usually
        • I donâ(TM)t think you understand how investment and profit works. Profits are distributed and companies donâ(TM)t keep profits unless they have a good use for them. What should PG&E do - demand historical dividends back so that it can invest in some âoeunprofitableâ venture?

          • by kenh ( 9056 )

            Does PG&E have any profits after settling the lawsuits over the wildfires they supposedly started?

        • by kenh ( 9056 )

          Sounds like they just want to get paid, rather than adapting to the needs of climate change. They made plenty of money from fossil fuels, time to pay some of it back as profitable infrastructure upgrades.

          Seriously?

          Who are the "they" that just want to get paid? The nuclear plant operators? And when you say "they" should "(adapt) to the needs of climate change" are "they" the nuclear plant operators? I thought nuclear power was considered "green"...

          Now, when you say "They made plenty of money from fossil fuels, time to pay some of it back as profitable infrastructure upgrades." are you talking about the nuclear plant operators (who haven't profited off fossil fuels), or the state that collects untold billions

      • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

        Nuclear in California is not priced higher because of cost of generation, but literally because California asks them to do so.

        The main driver deterring PG&E from seeking a 20-year operating licence extension is the 2015 renewable portfolio standard (RPS) of producing 50% of its electricity from qualified renewable energy sources by 2030. PG&E’s model for the future cost of operating Diablo Canyon indicated that the cost per kilowatt hour was going to almost double, since the company would be forced to lower the amount of power it could produce from the plant in order to meet the state’s requirement. Dropping the capacity factor from the current 92% to say 50% would virtually double the price per kilowatt hour since costs are largely fixed.

        https://world-nuclear.org/info... [world-nuclear.org]

        How can you stay profitable if your fixed costs don't change, but your only customer decides to buy only half of your stock?

        First, PG&E is part of a national grid, and can sell that power to Nevada, Arizona, etc.

        Second, PG&E has the option of shutting down the fossil fuel plants that provide 16.4% of their power. After all, nuclear power is only about 42.8% of PG&E's delivered power on average. Add to that the 10.1% of power that comes from large hydroelectric plants (which California doesn't consider renewable), and you're only at 52.9%. If at 92% you're producing 42.8% and you need to shave off 2.9%, you could r

        • Or... they could build more renewable sources to bring the mix up to 50/50.

          Nah... better to cut output of cheap, existing nuclear as that justifies increasing rates.

        • by kenh ( 9056 )

          Second, PG&E has the option of shutting down the fossil fuel plants that provide 16.4% of their power. After all, nuclear power is only about 42.8% of PG&E's delivered power on average. Add to that the 10.1% of power that comes from large hydroelectric plants (which California doesn't consider renewable), and you're only at 52.9%. If at 92% you're producing 42.8% and you need to shave off 2.9%, you could reduce the nuclear plant's output to 85.7%, so long as you stop using coal, diesel, and natural gas generation. :-)

          What the hell? You imagine shutting down 16.4% of their "on-demand" power generation capacity (fossil fuels) is an actual option? You can't just switch a nuclear plant on and off-line to accommodate your dynamic power load, that isn't how they work.

          • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

            Second, PG&E has the option of shutting down the fossil fuel plants that provide 16.4% of their power. After all, nuclear power is only about 42.8% of PG&E's delivered power on average. Add to that the 10.1% of power that comes from large hydroelectric plants (which California doesn't consider renewable), and you're only at 52.9%. If at 92% you're producing 42.8% and you need to shave off 2.9%, you could reduce the nuclear plant's output to 85.7%, so long as you stop using coal, diesel, and natural gas generation. :-)

            What the hell? You imagine shutting down 16.4% of their "on-demand" power generation capacity (fossil fuels) is an actual option? You can't just switch a nuclear plant on and off-line to accommodate your dynamic power load, that isn't how they work.

            You can bet some of those plants are running continuously. So for every plant that is, you can shut it down immediately and replace that base load with nuclear. You can also predict a lot of the load changes and adjust nuclear capacity over the course of the day. Nuclear can't handle fast changes, but gradual changes over an hour or two are entirely possible [powermag.com]. And remember, if you overshoot, you can always curtail solar. :-D

      • The main driver deterring PG&E from seeking a 20-year operating licence extension is the 2015 renewable portfolio standard (RPS) of producing 50% of its electricity from qualified renewable energy sources by 2030. PG&E's model for the future cost of operating Diablo Canyon indicated that the cost per kilowatt hour was going to almost double, since the company would be forced to lower the amount of power it could produce from the plant in order to meet the state's requirement. Dropping the capacity f

        • by kenh ( 9056 )

          You seem to think PG&E has the option of doubling their renewable power generation capacity in a couple years? I find that option, doubtful.

          • Yes.

            If they start now (or better yet, if they had started in 2015 when the law requiring this was passed) they will have 7 years to increase their supply to the 50% required by 2030.

            It is simply a choice of whether or not to invest in increasing their renewable energy supply.

            You seem to be advocating for not.

      • by kenh ( 9056 )

        They can easily keep costs low by just buying more nuclear power, or rather buying the old amount. Newsom is basically throwing $1.4 billion not to generate any electricity

        Wait, are you accusing a Democrat politician of supporting nonsensical policies and regulations regarding energy? Inconceivable!

    • It's not too expensive too maintain, it just isn't easy to externalize the costs so it's far less appealing to politicians.
    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      In July of 2022, a court in Tokyo found Masataka Shimizu and four other TEPCO executives liable for ¥13 trillion of damages in a lawsuit filed by 48 TEPCO shareholders.

      They won't be able to pay it all of course, but whatever they can pay they are now obliged to.

      • by djinn6 ( 1868030 )

        Why are they not behind bars?

        There's a criminal prosecution that should be happening, not just civil action by TEPCO shareholders. And what happened to the civil suits by everyone who was affected by the disaster?

        How broken is democracy in Japan?

        • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

          The problem is that the bar for criminal conviction is quite high, basically beyond a reasonable doubt like most countries. So while a civil suit that only needs to prove negligence on a balance of probabilities might have a decent chance of succeeding (11 years after the accident!), that doesn't mean a criminal prosecution would.

          The civil suits by the victims of the disaster have been hampered by lack of money and the slow progress they have made. This year a court ruled that the government wasn't liable,

    • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

      it's too expensive to maintain. So the plants get run well past their intended lifecycle.

      You misspelled "replace". Running them past their intended lifecycle is because they're not too expensive to maintain, but they are too expensive to replace.

      In a country that tends to privatize everything and with the people making the maintenance decisions living hundreds of miles away from a potential disaster site the incentives are too risky. Especially since wind and solar can provide baseload power [skepticalscience.com].

      Solar cannot, by definition, provide base load unless you supplement it with pumped storage, giant batteries, molten salt, or some other means of energy storage, and then you're talking about something very different than most people think about when they say "solar", both in terms of cost and space requirements.

      Fun fact: The CEOs responsible for the Fukashima disaster suffered no repercussions and the Japanese people blamed the engineers who stayed behind to fight the meltdown. If I was an engineer you couldn't pay me enough to work on a nuke plant.

      The CEOs weren't responsible for the des

    • by kenh ( 9056 )

      The seaside plant located midway between Los Angeles and San Francisco produces 9% of the state's electricity.

      A seaside nuclear plant, what could possibly go wrong? [bbc.com]

    • Sorry, baseload power has to be available 365 days a year. For the UK at least real world data suggests that the cheapest wind/solar/battery system would cost around $30 billion to supply 1 GW of baseload power (it would also provide 1.5 GW of random power, on average). That is 3 times the cost of even USA nuclear, and something like 15 times the capital cost of a coal powered power station. It needs 60 GWh of batteries, which is about 10% of the annual global battery production.

    • July 2022, Japan courts rule Tepco Execs liable US97Billion for Fukushima . They cannot pay so bankrupt. Who is liable in CA, residents? Yes it is cheaper to extend but also riskier.
  • by iamnotx0r ( 7683968 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @11:42AM (#62786224)
    Perhaps they should have just built a new one. Delaying the problem for the next guy is what politicians do the best.
    • There's no good place to put a nuclear reactor in California. There's literally nowhere that both has water and also is located in an area which isn't highly seismic, and isn't smack dab in the middle of a population center, and isn't on a flood plain (probably a coastal one) and isn't a wildlife preserve critical to multiple species and ecosystems.

      On the other hand, there's lots and lots of good places to put both wind and solar in this state.

      • by atomicalgebra ( 4566883 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @11:58AM (#62786264)
        Well that's a lie. Sun Desert near Blyth [wikipedia.org] is a perfect spot. Rancho Seco is still a perfect spot. There are several spots in the valley that also are perfect. I do not understand why you oppose nuclear. You must have believed all of that fossil fuel written propaganda.
        • Well that's a lie. Sun Desert near Blyth is a perfect spot.

          in the quake hazard zone [usgs.gov]

          Rancho Seco is still a perfect spot

          In a quake hazard zone, and on the floodplain of the sacramento river delta.

          There are several spots in the valley that also are perfect.

          In quake hazard zone.

          When you learn to read, maybe you'll get past some of these nuclear industry lies.

          • Your own source does not support your claim. In fact your own source proves both Sun Desert and Rancho Seco are not in a quake hazard zone.
        • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

          by Anonymous Coward

          atomicalgebra claimed:

          Well that's a lie. Sun Desert near Blyth [wikipedia.org] is a perfect spot.

          Except it's not. Your "perfect spot" would depend on the Colorado River to supply the plant with water to cool the plant - and the flow of the Colorado (upon which many other arid states have claims) has diminished to the point where the level of Lake Mead has dropped so far that it will soon fall below the level of the Hoover Dam's turbine intakes.

          And, yes, that's an artifact of climate change (surprise!) that is rapidly making the American southwest unsustainable for human habitation

        • Sun Desert near Blyth [wikipedia.org] is a perfect spot.

          With current tech, rivers are a second-rate heat sink because nuclear reactors run cooler than other thermal technologies. Build Sun Desert when MSRs are available that run hot enough that desert air can be used as a heat sink, rather than bodies of water. Then build it on the Arizona side, where we get to use our open-carry firepower to run the hippies off. California is going to need that power to desalinate.

          • Arizona uses waste water to cool Palo Verde. MSR's are great tech, but we need to build existing tech too. NuScale is a kick ass design which should result in significant increases in nuclear energy.
      • by kenh ( 9056 )

        That literally makes no sense - you seem to conflate "good place" with "perfect place" - you demand that every conceivable concern ("critical to multiple species and ecosystems") be addressed, then blithely ignore those same concerns and state that wind and solar can be put in those otherwise troublesome areas (wind turbines and solar farms don't generate electricity when they are flodded, they are fairly intrusive to fragile ecosystems, and will disrupt population centers)

    • by fermion ( 181285 )
      We could make a political decision to fund nuclear power like the military, that is throwing as much as needed to make it happen. No one in the US is building reactors because they are not cost effective. 10 years to build, usually double the cost. So a stop gap measure is to extend the life of current reactors. Long term is wind and solar, particularly require Int all new houses in California to but with solar, either in situ or nearby. For instance, in parts of Texas with high flooding one must either hav
    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      Why? By the time it's built it won't be needed if we are going to meet our climate goals. Just keep the existing one going long enough to build up more renewable capacity. Renewable energy is much cheaper anyway.

    • It's not a good time to propose building new thermal power plants of any type anywhere in the Southwest. All of the potential cooling water supplies are over-committed, and none of the state legislatures are willing to take on changing their laws on water allocation. Diablo Canyon has the advantage of being ocean-cooled, but not coincidentally new California regs on how much heat can be dumped into coastal waters kick in just when Diablo's federal licenses expire.

      One of the reasons that wind and PV pro
  • I don't mind moving to electric motors, not for any "green" reasons but because I think electricity is a genuine advancement in motive power. Just the difference in maintenance costs alone is enough to make a believer out of me. Electrical power has a future. Liquid fuel power is a legacy technology.

    BUT obviously the US will need some major infrastructure upgrades to handle anything like the demand for liquid-fueled motors. So please spare me your green initiatives and your tax credits, just build out the g

  • by aaarrrgggh ( 9205 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @11:51AM (#62786250)

    The price is too high IMO. They are subsidizing $20/MWh at that cost for 5 years of continued operation. It might be the only way to replace the capacity, but I would think that grants for solar and batteries would be money much better spent.

    • by Chas ( 5144 )

      And will that necessary capacity be in place in time?

      If not...

    • by splutty ( 43475 )

      One of the problems with those kind of calculations is that *ALL* power generation in the US is heavily subsidized.

      If you add up all the implicit and explicit subsidy on gas and oil burning power plants for example, you'll get a very very different picture than what most politicians want you to believe.

      The same goes for wind and solar.

  • It looks like politicians are learning some lessons from what is happening in Europe. If the natural gas supply gets disrupted somehow then things can go bad real quick if we keep ignoring nuclear power.

    I'm seeing more news about growing support for nuclear power, and not just from the nerd and political sources. I'm also seeing less panic about nuclear power safety. It seems that people are finally learning the facts than just believe the fiction.

    Keeping existing power plants open isn't enough. In ten

    • Are you feeling all right suggesting that politicians are capable of learning lessons and rational thought?

      • Are you feeling all right suggesting that politicians are capable of learning lessons and rational thought?

        Can I assume the politicians are human? That they breathe air? Drink water? And go home at night to sleep, then wake up the next morning to turn on a light to see? If these politicians want clean air to breathe, fresh water to drink, and the lights to come on when they turn a switch then they need to do something about our energy problems. If not then there's an election coming up soon (and these days it appears that there's always an election coming up real soon) to clear some of them out and see if t

        • 'Either they learn from what is going on in the world or the voters will learn some lessons and remove them from office'

          The voters vote their own interests, as influenced by the ads they see. Your assumption otherwise is touching...

          If the major source of employment in your constituency is a polluting institution, you will vote to keep it going. If your voters are hunters, you will oppose gun control (think Bernie's opposition to gun control otherwise he would have lost his seat in Vermont). If you get contr

    • by jsonn ( 792303 )
      You are aware that much of the problems in Europe are a direct result of the French dependency on nuclear power plants? Half of the French problems are due to ancient plants with the expected corrosion and other maintenance issues, but the other half comes directly from cooling issues due to the drought. Newer reactor designs are unlikely to solve that fundamental issue.
  • by oumuamua ( 6173784 ) on Saturday August 13, 2022 @01:26PM (#62786424)
    If Diablo closes, ALL of California's wind and solar installations to date will have merely replaced power that what was once generated by nuclear: https://www.energy.ca.gov/data... [ca.gov]
    translation: no progress toward reducing CO2
  • Because no insurance company want to cover the potential cost of a Chernobyl type disaster, it is usual for nuclear power station operators to get their government to cover the possible costs of a major event. This is a hidden, seldom discussed, subsidy because it is not visible, doesn't appear in state expenditures etc. And, of course, most of the time it doesn't cost anything...

  • If the reason to keep nuclear plants going were to stabilize the grid, proposals to keep them going would be made contingent on lack of progress in better options. But they never are, because stabilizing the grid is never the motivation for such proposals: It's just a hypothetical benefit. The motivation is that nuclear plants have high profit margins due to their environmental costs being externalized on to taxpayers decades to centuries into the future.

    The whole industry is a corrupt gimmick and "dir
  • Gavin Newsom is not a scientist. He is not a nuclear, civic, or any other kind of engineer. He is a politician and this is a decision that a politician must make. Read: It's about how California moves the money around. It's a long story, but it's ultimately about the economic trade-offs between shutting it down and doing the opposite. It's not about the Reds versus the Blues, it's about somebody needing to make a decision and Newsom called it. As a California resident, I agree with his decision, but nobody

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