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Power Earth

The Myth of Going Off the Power Grid 281

Lasrick writes: Dawn Stover uses Elon Musk's announcement that Tesla will soon be unveiling plans for a battery that could power your home as a starting point to explore the idea that "going off the grid" is going to solve climate change. "The kind of in-house energy storage he is proposing could help make renewables a bigger part of the global supply. But headlines announcing that a Tesla battery 'could take your home off the grid' spread misconceptions about what it takes to be self-sufficient — and stop global warming." Stover worries that shifting responsibility for solutions to climate change from governments to individuals creates an 'every-man-for-himself' culture that actually works against energy solutions and does little to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions. Instead, "smart grid" technology would be much more efficient: "With a smarter grid, excess electricity generated by solar panels and wind turbines could be distributed to a network of on-the-grid home and car batteries. Some utilities have also experimented with using home water heaters as an economical substitute for batteries."
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The Myth of Going Off the Power Grid

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  • by Anonymous Coward

    "Putting energy in a battery throws away 30% to 40% right off the top in charge and discharge inefficiencies as shown above. If you have access to the grid, it makes no economical sense to give that up! Energy storage in the grid is 100% efficient and virtually unlimited whereas storing energy in batteries is limited and not only throws away 30% of your energy, but also:"

    Source: http://www.aprs.org/off-grid-maybe.html

    • by TWX ( 665546 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @05:46PM (#49450221)
      Those calculations do not factor-in utility companies that will screw you over if you're attempting to do home-solar or other local power generation.

      If you manage to keep the utilities from imposing excessive fees then I agree. The only way to do that though is to divorce the service connection from the usage cost, and they don't want to do that.
      • Your just ignoring the fact that if Edison could put a meter on the sun then Solar would be fantastic.
        • Your just ignoring the fact that if Edison could put a meter on the sun then Solar would be fantastic.

          Well, since solar power is measured in W/m^2/y, just put a solar tax on real estate, with grid power consumption as a deductible.

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      by Cramer ( 69040 )

      The "grid" doesn't store energy, it delivers it -- and nowhere near 100% efficiency either. Power is generated "on demand". While there are spots around the country/globe where utilities experiment with storing excess production -- flywheels, exotic batteries, thermal wells, etc., it is a very rare exception.

    • The grid is fine in higher density populated area. As you go more rural it makes spence to have off grid options.
      Power outages can last for days where you are waiting for help, but all the people are working to get the denser arias first.

    • by dwywit ( 1109409 )

      Well, burning a lump of coal in a power station also throws away a lot of the stored energy in the coal - accumulated conversion and transmission losses make the grid somewhat less than 100% efficient.

    • by sjames ( 1099 )

      HAve a look at 'line loss'. The grid isn't 100% either. A lot depends on how local the net demand is.

  • But....Profits! (Score:3, Insightful)

    by zarthrag ( 650912 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @05:41PM (#49450193)

    Doesn't matter. As long as monopolistic energy companies spend their time legislating new fees to prevent the average person from being able to afford rooftop solar panels and wind turbines under the banner of "not choosing winners" ...a net-zero utility bill simply isn't possible in today's (political) climate - not in the US.

    This isn't likely to change, either. So, that leaves one option: Every man for himself. A house, and maybe even an entire neighborhood could be built around the idea of having some ability to cut utility costs by utilizing smart appliances, solar power, and electric cars with big honking batteries. But if you generate more power than you need, you better store it - where I live, you'll get an extra fee every month for generating your own power AND the power company only takes your excess in exchange for WHOLESALE rates.

    Net-zero would be my only incentive, and it's looking less likely without being investigated by the IAEA

    • Re:But....Profits! (Score:5, Insightful)

      by inqrorken ( 3513049 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @05:59PM (#49450277)
      Why should the utility be forced to pay you at the same rate you buy?

      Regular electricity is generated. It's then sold wholesale, where the local utilities then buy it and sell it at a regulated (5-10%) profit. In between the wholesale price, the 5-10% profit, and what you pay, is the cost of maintaining the distribution and transmission networks. These costs are nonzero. As the distribution utilities are traditionally regulated ("nonregulation" is really a misnomer, regulation still exists in those markets), those costs will still be borne by the ratepayers.

      If users of rooftop solar get net zero pricing, then they shift all of the upkeep costs to those without rooftop solar - as PV prices go down, these costs will be borne more and more by the poor and/or those who rent (in many cases, one and the same.)

      If you want to not pay for system upkeep, disconnect yourself. Spend the money on a vast solar array and a basement full of batteries (what, you though 24h of storage was enough? Not all the time, it's not.) Then realize the traditional model costs less to you.
      • At least where I am, they pay me something like 3.2c, but it also runs my meter backwards. If I put an extra 10kwh on the grid during the day, I can draw that same 10kwh at night for net zero. And I "made" 32c.

        I don't need a battery system, the "grid" acts as one, and with one year billing cycle, power I put on during the summer I can draw back in winter for no charge.

        • I don't need a battery system, the "grid" acts as one, and with one year billing cycle, power I put on during the summer I can draw back in winter for no charge.

          Yes, but you won't get that forever for free.

          If everyone did it, then the power company would have to provide power during the winter and everyone's bill would be zero.

          The math simply doesn't work.

          Net-zero billing works when very few customers are doing it, it falls apart at any kind of scale.

      • that we all make use of for a modern life be a source of profit? I don't see the point of these sorts of rent seeking schemes people subscribe to under the guise of "efficiency". Ever instance of gov't waste I've ever seen has existed for one of two purposes: either corruption or round about socialism. Properly funded Post Offices and DMVs are fast, efficient and a pleasure to use. Now, when a bunch of "Starve the Beast" (google it) types cut there funding, yeah, you wait a while. But then you're just falli
      • by stomv ( 80392 )

        With due respect inqrorken, your post is full of inaccuracies about the power system in the United States. (I have no idea about other countries).

        > Regular electricity is generated. It's then sold wholesale

        This is true for everywhere except the Southeast, AK, HI, and the non-California land west of the North Dakota-to-Texas set of states.

        > where the local utilities then buy it and sell it at a regulated (5-10%) profit.

        Absolutely wrong. In the areas where there is a wholesale market and in the areas wh

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by Anonymous Coward

      But...you want it both ways! You want the reliability of the power company, and to spend less. You want to use your own power when its convenient for you, but have them on standby for when you need them but apparently don't want to pay. You want to force feed power back to them, but they don't want it, they want to sell power not store it for you so you can save money.

      • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

        by zarthrag ( 650912 )

        You're only proving my point, Coward. Why should I pay out of my own pocket to generate solar, and then pay the utility some more the utility to take my excess energy?

        If I can't make my own home efficient enough to stand on it's own, I'm not spending the money. If the local power company wants solar, they can do it on their dime, I'll stick to my utility fees, TYVM.

        If a neighborhood/city decided to invest in it's own smart grid, and treat every electricity source on equal-footing, that'd be interesting.

  • by Paleolibertarian ( 930578 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @05:44PM (#49450205) Journal

    This seems to be an article more about condemning Tesla's batteries that about energy. In fact the word "watt" appears nowhere. Before you can have a discussion about energy you need to be armed with some facts about actual energy needs and potentials. This is just more anti-Tesla propaganda.

    • by Trailer Trash ( 60756 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @05:55PM (#49450259) Homepage

      This seems to be an article more about condemning Tesla's batteries that about energy. In fact the word "watt" appears nowhere. Before you can have a discussion about energy you need to be armed with some facts about actual energy needs and potentials. This is just more anti-Tesla propaganda.

      As well as anti-reality.

      "Stover worries that shifting responsibility for solutions to climate change from governments to individuals creates an 'every-man-for-himself' culture that actually works against energy solutions and does little to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions."

      Right - because central planning is a much better idea <eye roll>.

      The bottom line is that when I reduce my carbon footprint I save money, at least in the long run. I've invested hundreds of dollars in the last year in getting LED lights throughout the house. I'll make that money back within 5 years - I can already see the difference on my light bills. Next year I'm hoping to start my solar farm on my very large southern-facing roof. I'll likely have negative light bills when I'm done and it'll pay for itself within 3 or 4 years (yes, that's less than average and there's a reason for that having to do with my air conditioning and the solar panels taking heat off the house).

      So, yeah, we need the grid upgraded. But at this stage we need a lot of people trying a lot of different things so that we can find out what works and what's economical. Ultimately, if it doesn't save me money it ain't gonna happen.

      • You should feel lucky. Most of my roof is southern facing, but the local utility here won't take excess power without charging a bunch of extra fees, plus a really low rate. Additionally, they won't allow you to maintain/bank credit. The only way towards an ROI in under a decade is to use/store everything I generate.

        • by Agripa ( 139780 )

          What about using one of those plug-in grid-tie inverters? That will limit your peak power to 15 or 20 amps or 1800 or 2400 watts per standard circuit. Being plug-in it can be considered a temporary installation which avoids many regulatory issues.

    • I wonder how you got a modup point, it seems you have read the article at all. It is not about Tesla's batteries at all. It is about the idea, whatever batteries or anything else you are talking about to take you off the grid. Tesla's batteries are just accessory in the discussion and the author just don't give a fuck about whom is providing you favorite energy reservoir. The idea to go off the grid is just plain stupid, the self-sufficient idea as well. This thing doesn't scale well it is something for the
      • by Paleolibertarian ( 930578 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @06:34PM (#49450475) Journal

        What I was trying to show is that in order to solve an engineering problem you have to have sound engineering principles. If you're talking about energy you use words like "watt" and numbers like Kilowatt Hours and maybe even joules and other terms that the author is probably unfamiliar with.

        For example, If I equip my home with 5,000 watts (peak) solar panels that generate 35 kwh of energy. 15 kwh which I use immediately that leaves 20 kwh excess which I can store. If my storage system is 75% efficient I can then use another 15 kwh at night which will make me capable of being off grid. What's wrong with that?

  • by MpVpRb ( 1423381 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @05:54PM (#49450245)

    Why not use the grid as a reservoir..like a battery or capacitor?

    When your local production exceeds your demand..push the rest into the reservoir

    When you have a deficit..draw from it

    Many people who advocate being off the grid are extreme isolationists..who value isolation over practicality

    Sometimes, being a bit dependent, and interconnected, is good

    • by Lumpy ( 12016 )

      Many of us already do this, we use grid intertie syncing inverters.
      It is done all over the USA by a lot of people that have Solar installations. Granted I only have a small 5Kwh install but it's enough.

    • by Guspaz ( 556486 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @06:18PM (#49450389)

      The problem is that many utilities pay far less per kWh than they charge you. As a result, you're generating most of your power when you don't need it (during the day when you're at work), getting almost nothing for it, and then you're consuming most of your power when you're not generating it, paying full price for it.

      The result? You end up saving very little.

      It starts to make sense to have batteries to let you use the power you generated, giving you a much greater return. The only issue here is the cost of the batteries... which Tesla is trying to drive down as much as they can.

      • DING! DING! DING! This is exactly the problem.

        The icing on this is going to be, in the end, the power companies will *have* to come around to providing a smart grid AND fair buy-back rates (sans fees), as no one will use them for anything other than a backup supply. Otherwise, you'll start to see people putting up their own miniature grids to sell/share power on a local basis. (Think housing addition in the burbs, where ALL of the homes have panels, batteries, and electric cars.)

        Even with maintenance costs

        • by serbanp ( 139486 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @07:23PM (#49450687)

          Why would they? The grid has no inherent storage capability into which to dump your day-time excess energy. It costs the power company to manage your bit of excess you're trying to dump into the grid.

          A few days ago I saw a nice graph showing PG&E's averaged output power during a typical 24h. It's a slanted U-shape, with the bottom somewhere around noon, then a sharp increase between 6PM and 9PM, tapering off after midnight and dropping slightly after 7AM. If they took away the solar-generated power fed into the grid by individual installations, the U becomes much deeper and PG&E projected that it will get deeper in the near future.

          The HUGE problem this energy generation/consumption pattern creates is that the baseline generators must provide the bottom of the U and not a Joule more. Everything else, especially the evening spike, must come from coal and NG power plants. Since in time the ratio between the peak and the baseline increases, more dirty and greenhouse gas emitting power plants MUST BE BUILT. In fact, all these 3 to 5kW solar installations make the greenhouse gas situation worse if the excess energy is not stored, which is contrary the feel-good but incorrect assumption about how all these solar panels help save the planet.

          • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) *

            Why would they? Because it's the only way out of the death spiral. Of they don't people will go off (their) grid and they will die. Providing cheap storage and distribution is the only long term future for them.

      • You got that wrong.

        If you are producing more power during the day, the meter runs backwards. Or at least it should, they installed a second meter to measure what I generate so they could subtract it from what I used.

        So if you generate 10 during the day, use 5, and then use 5 at night, your net cost is zero.

        The 3.2c they pay me is just gravy.

        • by Guspaz ( 556486 )

          Some utilities do that, run the meter backwards. Others measure what you use and what you take out of the grid and put back in separately, bill you for what you used from the grid, and pay you a much smaller amount per kWh for what you put back in.

      • The cost of cycling an EV battery is about 50 cents per kWh (source [batteryuniversity.com]). In many cases, electricity from the grid is far cheaper than that from the battery, even when the battery can be charged for free.

        Assuming that Tesla can cut that cost in half, things start to get interesting. It would then make sense to use the battery whenever the difference between what you pay for electricity and what you can get for it is less than 25 cents (plus a few cents to account for losses in the battery). But the profit, if a

    • The idea of having the ability to be an island is actually very beneficial IF it's sustainable. If we could design a battery that can store 100 KW of energy, is durable, is safe, uses resources that are green and reusable that would make it even more viable. 100 KW = 3 days worth of electricity for the average American.

      Why is it so beneficial being off the grid?
      1. Much lower cost of infrastructure and limited to non existent maintenance for residential applications (this is not applicable to industrial appl

    • Why not use the grid as a reservoir..like a battery or capacitor?

      Makes total sense, but the problem is that too many people think that reservoir should be provided at no cost.

      • Exactly. Who pays for the distribution grid? Who pays for the "storage". That "storage" is in fact dispatchable generators that are used when needed and still need to be maintained.

        • Ultimately the customer pays because it'll be factored into his/her bill for usage of electricity
          • The customer who does not have the ability to use PVs will pay. They would be businesses and apartment dwellers. Those who use PV will see no difference as their net zero bill will still be zero.

      • well, here's an analogy. if i sell vegetables to a restaurant, who pays for the the refrigerator at the restaurant to store those vegetables? if the restaurant wants to preserve those vegetables for longer, the restaurant will pay for the equipment. Ultimately this cost is passed onto the customer to cover his expenses.

        Why shouldn;t the utility act in the same way?
        • Incomplete analogy. It would be more appropriate to add that the restaurant must ALWAYS keep a table available for you, and keep extra veggies for you whether you will buy them or not.

          A more appropriate analogy would be the delivery of those veggies to your home. You expect the delivery truck to pass buy every day whether you intend to buy or not. But you don't want to pay the cost of that truck traveling the extra distance to so it can be ready.

          And if you are growing your own veggies, requiring that
    • Why not use the grid as a reservoir..like a battery or capacitor?

      Because that is not how the grid actually works.

      When your local production exceeds your demand..push the rest into the reservoir

      What actually happens is the dispatchable grid producers generate less electricity. There is very little storage.

      When you have a deficit..draw from it

      What actually happens is that the grid producers generate more electricity from their dispatachable plants.

    • This is all a semantics game. Personally, when I think "off grid" I'm thinking "grid-tied, but I generate as much juice as I can through solar cells". Excess gets sold to "the collective" and on rainy days I pull from the battery that is the grid. Unless you live in a Seattle-esque climate, that is an achievable goal for most single family homes for not a whole lot of money. It takes pressure off the central grid and through tax incentives isn't even much of a financial hardship to implement.

      Being entir

    • Why not use the grid as a reservoir..like a battery or capacitor?

      Cuz it aint one.

      When your local production exceeds your demand..push the rest into the reservoir

      When you have a deficit..draw from it

      When you have excess so does everyone else and when you have a deficit so does everyone else. Little capability exists to buffer energy at scale in current systems.

      Many people who advocate being off the grid are extreme isolationists..who value isolation over practicality

      Practical is more often than not determined by how many are willing to spend how much to get a desired result.

  • by 140Mandak262Jamuna ( 970587 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @05:59PM (#49450279) Journal

    Some utilities have also experimented with using home water heaters as an economical substitute for batteries

    Many large buildings used to make ice overnight when the electricity rates are low (in some parts) and melt the ice to cool the building during day time reducing the load on the air conditioner. Such techniques would be effective if the electricity rates vary. Like the old long distance plans, having a peak and off-peak pricing alone would encourage the consumers to schedule their washing machines and dishwashers during the off-peak hours.

    • having a peak and off-peak pricing alone would encourage the consumers to schedule their washing machines and dishwashers during the off-peak hours.

      This has been implemented in many places in Canada and EU. I'm not sure about the US but I'm sure smart meters are making their way into residential neighborhoods by now.

      It's also why many appliances have timers such as dish washer.

    • by MrDoh! ( 71235 )
      I was used to this when living in the UK. Moved to the US, got the pool filtering 80% of the time at night, turned on the washing machine at night, after a year of this, wife asks why I do all this at night. "electricity is cheaper at night" "is it?" "of course...wait. maybe, lets ask your brother, he works for the power company" /askBrotherInLaw "hahahahha! No! we managed to get that killed quickly, some people tried it, and we can offer that if you /really/ want, but we stack it up so much, that you'll
      • Electricity is cheaper at night if you have two meters.
        One for daytime and one for night.

        An ordinary household meter does not know if it is day or night, it simply counts kWh ...

  • by gordona ( 121157 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @06:03PM (#49450299) Homepage
    I have a 10 KW, grid tied battery backed up system in an all electric house. Everything except my deep well pump, washer/dryer, hot water, range and geothermal compressor are connected on the critical loads panel. Generally over the last 5 years or so, the system produces more power than used with the rest going to charging the batteries and powering the grid. However, there has only been a few times over the last several years that system has produced more than consumed from the grid. I estimate that I would need 30-50 kw to power everything. However, the geothermal compressor draws perhaps 5 kw for 4-5 minutes at a time and cycles several times an hour. Since the geothermal system works mostly at night or if we went off grid, the storage capacity of the battery backup would have to be increased substantially from the 16 KWH that we have now since the compressor would deplete the batteries in a few hours. None the less our electric bill is down at least 80% from pre-PV days.
    • None the less our electric bill is down at least 80% from pre-PV days.

      Does that include the cost of the system?

  • Going off grid will not solve crotch itch. Stay on grid!
  • by 140Mandak262Jamuna ( 970587 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @06:27PM (#49450433) Journal
    The article is written looking at the situation from the POV of an average American. The "grid" is practically non existent in large parts of Africa and South America and lots Asian countries. Even where it exists it is quite unreliable. But in almost all these countries the grid is often a state owned inefficient monopoly. The demand for electricity is high and there are lots of people willing to pay way over what the American utilities charge for power. There was an journalist who recounted rich folks in Karachi, Pakistan, driving around in their air conditioned luxury cars when the grid goes blackout. The counties might be poor, but these rich folks collectively far outnumber the middle class in America. They will provide the market, and the invisible hand will find providers. These folks will underwrite the R&D costs of moving off grid.

    Think about it: Half of India does not know when their next meal is going to be. Which means the other half has food security. Still they live in a hand to mouth existence. Half the rest are better off than hand to mouth. Half of the better than hand-to-mouth have decent disposable income. This 1/8 of the population of India is 125 million strong, as big an economy as Japan and bigger than many European countries. Living in a sea of dirt cheap labor, none of the labor saving devices would sell there. But anything not doable by throwing more people in, electric power or cell phone etc will have big markets there. Add Africa and South America, you can bet they will leap frog over the developed countries in off grid power, like India did with cell phones a decade ago.

  • by roc97007 ( 608802 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @06:40PM (#49450513) Journal

    The point of wanting to go off the power grid is not to solve climate change. The point is to have a workable alternative should the power grid go off you.

  • Living off the grid (Score:5, Interesting)

    by Anonymous Coward on Friday April 10, 2015 @07:45PM (#49450781)

    I have been living off the grid since 1997 with a solar powered system. The power is converted to AC with an 8000 watt inverter for my home and excess power is stored in a lead acid battery bank. My system wasn't purchased as complete but was built up for an approximate 5 year period until I could be completely self sufficient. I do have to use a gasoline generator to charge the battery bank when the sun doesn't shine for a few days. Other alternatives need to be developed to supplement solar for that very reason. The problem with the grid tie system is the power companies will never allow you to earn any income from your sale of the electrical product. They derate the price so that you will never get a payment from them. You could get an almost zero bill but it will never come out with you making anything. I never connected to the grid so I wouldn't become lazy and not complete my system. I know of the utility company's plan from others who have a grid tie system or have called them to ask of their approach to solar power returns. The greatest expense is the batteries. I am now going on my third set of expensive deep cycle batteries to keep my stuff going. A better battery would be so great. The Edison or Ni Fe battery sounds like the ideal approach to getting a reliable type that requires little maintenance. I haven't researched the Tesla battery yet but I am glad someone is at least doing something instead of just complaining. I am getting older now and the lead acid batteries are too heavy to just lug around for the changes after a few years of use. I value my independence and hear from my neighbors how they lost power during a storm when they needed it the most. I know this isn't the way for everyone but for those who are willing to try to breakaway from the socialist system of being hooked up for life this is the only way to go for now.

    • by Ozoner ( 1406169 )

      Have lived of-grid for over twenty years. Have a large battery bank, but only 600W of solar cells. That runs my house and workshop without ever needing to run a generator. The only concessions needed are no electric heating or cooling. I rely instead on good insulation and wood heating.

      The main barrier to Solar living is the typical American mentality, "I'm not going to live without my Air-conditioner/Clothes-dryer/Electric Heating".

      To my mind, frugal living gives many bonuses beside the ability to survive

      • by dwywit ( 1109409 )

        Yup. My jaw dropped upthread when I saw someone quote usage of 100 kWh/day.

        It gets to 35 and even 40 deg C and >90% humidity here in summer, but you can manage that sort of heat without refrigerated air conditioning, if you really want to.

        • It gets to 35 and even 40 deg C and >90% humidity here in summer, but you can manage that sort of heat without refrigerated air conditioning, if you really want to.

          And that is the thing, most people don't want to. At least not anyone who has enjoyed AC at some point in their life.

  • by swell ( 195815 ) <jabberwock@poetic.com> on Friday April 10, 2015 @08:37PM (#49450931)

    California ratepayers have lost billions of dollars to our friendly utilities. You may recall Enron, who devastated the entire state by manipulating utility prices. Now we have the power plant at San Onofre shutting down because the utilities and the government overseers were incompetent. Because the California Public Utility Commission exists to assure Wall Street profits, and not ratepayer protection, we have a few billion more in costs that ratepayers are expected to pay (shareholders are still raking in big dividends/profits).

    So do you think it is a good idea to continue dependence upon the energy monopoly? How did you feel about the Microsoft monopoly? Is it good to have profit seeking telephone and cable and oil and water monopolies? When was this ever a good idea for ordinary consumers?

    • Thank $DEITY I have SMUD. They are probably one of the few reasonable utilities in California. It is "customer owned" not a public corporation like PG&E

  • " ... spread misconceptions about what it takes to be self-sufficient — and stop global warming." ..." There will be no stopping of Global Warming. Maybe reducing the rate of Global Warming. But no stopping, or at least no stopping without a time machine.
  • by ChunderDownunder ( 709234 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @09:32PM (#49451127)

    Storing excess solar in one's car battery sounds like a plan. The leaf has a 24KW capacity with a 170km range. For a modest 2 person household that uses less than 10KW a day and typically drives a max of 60km in a single day in the suburbs, it makes sense.

    If the economics match up, of course and I'm sure they won't at least until the price of solar panels and electric cars falls drastically with economies-of-scale and/or subsidies. $AU40K for a hatchback (on Nissan's website) sounds excessive; these things aren't mass-sold in my country.

  • The big problem with maintaining a centralized energy grid is that renewables like wind and solar are defuse. They don't lend themselves well to big centralized power stations and make more sense just on everyone's roof.

    Here is my ideal.

    Everyone gets solar panels on their roofs and maybe a small wind turbine if they're in a really windy area. Possibly this stuff is bought and paid for by the government and the government will technically own the panels but they're just installed on everyone's roof.

    Then you

  • by Ferretman ( 224859 ) <[moc.iaemag] [ta] [namterref]> on Friday April 10, 2015 @10:18PM (#49451271) Homepage
    I've been fortunate enough to live entirely (100%) off-grid for several years now. When I went to build my house we quickly determined that it wasn't worth it to have power brought back to the house site (I'm 5 miles up in the mountains) and after looking at wind for a bit I went with a solar setup. It's been an interesting experience, and reading the article I can't really say I agree with the author on most points.

    I have a 36 panel system that theoretically can create ~40kwh/day on the average day. I have 20 batteries (used to be 24) to cover overnight and overcast/bad weather storage.

    First off there's no question that I don't have anywhere near enough batteries. My solar guy used a variety of online calculators to figure out the size and needed and both underestimated my requirements and overestimated the amount of daily discharge the system could handle. As a result we bought a vastly undersized battery system (~1350AH when it was new, more like 750AH now) that we ended up discharging around 75% nearly every night. This is turn is a deadly drain on your batteries and drew down my system sharply to its current capabilities. My own back-of-the-envelope calculations show that I need a system more like 3000AH in capacity to properly power the whole house for a couple of days (if needed). My propane backup generator gets run far more than it ought right now.

    Leaving that annoyance to one side though, being off-grid and responsible for my own power (and water; I have an excellent well) is nothing short of awesome! It's my power! I can do what I want, run what I want, and the only thing I have to worry about is what my supply is (when it's at night).

    Mind you I've done all kinds of things to be more efficient of course. I am in an ongoing process of replacing all of my CFLs and the handful of incandescents still around with LEDs as I find LEDs that are both price-rational and workable for the task. I just replaced 42 halogen track lights with some excellent LEDs I tracked down from a company named Torchstar and that made a huge difference--I basically hadn't used those tracks at all since we built the house since they were so energy expensive. The house itself is an ICF (Insulated Concrete Form) house and very efficient (13" thick walls), with the entire house heated with radiant heat as opposed to a more typical forced air system. Over the years I've learned to take advantage of a strong sunlight day and run dishwashers and the clothes when the sun is out.

    My biggest intermediate goal is to replace the battery stack with something more appropriate. There are several high-amp setups out there that I should be able to make work and I hope to do so next spring (I'm going to be driven to this anyway by the slow death of my current stack). Longer term I'd like to add even more panels until I'm up to 54, not so much for added storage (there's only so much you can put in the batteries and I should have that covered) but to increase the surface area of collection during a cloudy day (the panels will make power even in overcast, so more in that case is better). I think my inverters (two of them, 4000W each) are sized appropriately, though I'll have to add another charge controller when the new panels go in. I just built a new shed to house all of the batteries (it's also ICF) and will be rigging it with a solar heating system this summer; this will keep the batteries warm and toasty during the harsh winters. Even longer term (years), I want to enclose the upstairs deck with a greenhouse, which would help make me more self-sufficient food wise.

    I wouldn't change it for the world, honestly....being utterly independent is just a different but good feeling.

    If anybody has questions, just ask!

    Ferret
    • by dwywit ( 1109409 )

      Finally, someone on here who gets it. The independence of being off-grid is just, well, incomparable to anything else - especially when the grid here was out for 3 days in 2011 after a cyclone. All my grid-connected neighbours had to throw out the contents of their freezers and refrigerators, and they didn't have flushing toilets (no electricity=no water pumps. They had to put buckets out in the rain to catch water).

      Have you considered a dual battery system instead of a single large system? Plasmatronics co

    • by sploxx ( 622853 )

      You are living my dream! Are you living alone or with family in your house?

  • by m.dillon ( 147925 ) on Friday April 10, 2015 @11:38PM (#49451523) Homepage

    The core of the issue has nothing to do with going off-grid and everything to do with matching production from renewal sources to the actual load on the grid. Without that we get into the situation that Germany finds itself in, which is two fold: (1) That electricity prices fall to zero during the day due to all the solar, and as subsidies go away the owners can't make money from providing power to the grid. And (2) The base load differential between day and night is so great that the traditional generation (i.e. coal) cannot run continuously at critical mass and so becomes extremely inefficient and uneconomical. So coal power generation companies in Germany are also going bankrupt.

    Ultimately consumers with PV systems will be forced to pay spot rates and feel the pain. This is already beginning to happen in many parts of the country... where day-time electricity rates are lower but the buy-back is also lower, and night-time rates are higher and have a higher buy-back.

    The idea with using the electric car battery (or some other form of temporary storage) is to use it store energy when prices are cheap and inject it into the grid when prices are expensive. This also has the side effect of reducing the base load differential between day and night, so other generation sources such as nuclear and coal can operate efficiently (and thus profitably) to make up the difference.

    There is nothing nefarious going on. Really, going entirely off-grid is not something anyone should be trying to do unless they actually live somewhere with a flaky grid (or no grid). And the reality is that electricity prices are going to fluctuate even more between day and night, or rainy vs not, or windy vs not, as more renewable energy sources are brought online.

    -Matt

  • First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win. Mahatma Gandhi How true those words ring with the prepper puns, we see the journalist poking at the day trader and others even as we see the utilities fighting/lobbying the political establishment in order to lay out roadblocks to those who wish to be self sustainable. I guess the 'kooks' and visionaries like Musk will just have plod along through the muck stirred up by the powers that be and work even harder at reaching t

Understanding is always the understanding of a smaller problem in relation to a bigger problem. -- P.D. Ouspensky

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