Beyond Nobel, Hard Drives Get Smart 156
mattnyc99 writes "Giant magnetoresistance got its day in the sun when it won the Nobel Prize in physics last week—and when Hitachi rode that spotlight by announcing they'd have a 4-terabyte desktop hard drive by 2011. It's about time says Glenn Derene over at Popular Mechanics, in what amounts to an ode to the rise and future of super hard drive capacity. From his great accompanying interview with data storage visionary and computer science legend Mark Kryder: 'To get to 10 Tbits per square inch will require a drastic change in recording technology ... Hitachi, Seagate, Western Digital and Samsung ... are currently working on this 10-terabits-per-square-inch goal, which would enable a 40-terabyte hard drive.'"
Steady March of Progress (Score:2)
Why haven't we seen similar improvements in fuel efficiency or internet bandwidth (in the US at least)?
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Hybrid drives (Score:5, Insightful)
I believe the higher capacity drives will force a rethink on how data is stored and accessed on standalone machines like laptops and desktops. I've only got a couple of terabytes of data on this machine and doing a file search over the five (I think, I can't actually remember how many drives I've got fitted in this thing) disks is already pretty time-consuming. The solution will be to add intelligence to the disk interface so that data indexing is done pre-emptively and the results cached on the fly.
The first generation of hybrid drives are already here but they're only at the beginning of their development cycle. HDD recording densities will increase as will flash RAM densities and that will improve access times but only for the most commonly accessed data.
Imagine a 10Tb HDD built in the classic 3.5" wide form factor, with 256Gb of 1024-bit-wide 150MWord/sec flash memory or MRAM on the controller board acting as cache. The spinning disk becomes a backing store for the flash where data is kept "fresh" by a smart algorithm. The drive spins down intelligently when not needed, saving power and reducing heat dissipation.
Higher recording densities are only one part of the future of disk drive technology.
Re:Hybrid drives (Score:4, Interesting)
I'd rather they be broken into separate drives. I'd like a flash based drive for my OS and maybe a few commonly used applications and a spinning HDD for all my data and backups.
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Perhaps it would be better to have two drives available to the OS with rated latencies and bandwidths. Then, the OS can make software-based decisions based on the usage profile of the machine (server, workstation, media, etc).
Alternatively, some rating could be given to each file installed by software installation programs. Things like help databases, samples, aux tools, uninstallers, etc could be thrown on lower-latency spin disks. The critical items like pro
A novel idea. (Score:2)
Bet nobody's thought of that before.
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Several data areas: DS, GS, FS(, SS)
x86, yummy!
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I really wonder what could be gained by allowing the software installer to choose its storage media. Of the 200 GB of software I have installed on my machine, I can't imagine that more than 20-30% of that is accessed on a daily or weekly basis.
Then again, it's almost always the case that systems with cache intelligence are better a
Partitions (Score:2, Interesting)
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Isn't PRAM memory [wikipedia.org] seen as a successor to flash memory in near future? Flash is much less reliable and much slower WRT write operations...
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Because it's a kludge that chews CPU and disk cycles.
Microsoft was trying to develop WinFS for a reason, and Sun's ZFS is already available. This sort of data management is more efficiently done at filesystem level.
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Progress in new directions (Score:4, Interesting)
How about they put a RAID 1 array in a 3.5" form factor? Two separate platters, two head/arm assemblies, two SATA connectors.
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Because you could just buy two 3.5" drives and run them in RAID1 yourself? It only costs money.
I think you're missing the point. You have to do that yourself, it takes money, and most importantly it takes up space and electricity.
Put two hard drives in a 3.5" enclosure and have them run a seamless RAID 1. The user doesn't have to be involved in that.
Then if one part of the array fails, sure, you have to replace the array, but you don't lose your data. That's the most important thing. Hard drive costs pale in comparison to the cost of replacing data.
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> You have to do that yourself,
How is buying and plugging in a second drive "hard"? You already have to buy one, why not just tell the guy behind the counter
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Even if all those other factors are indeed moot -- in a hypothetical product, mind you -- the convenience alone would be worth it, especially for a home user.
RAID 1 in a 3.5" form factor (Score:2)
I suppose a designer would provide one SATA interface, have the mirroring electronics on a board, perhaps with some flash memory like a hybrid drive, a
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Put two hard drives in a 3.5" enclosure and have them run a seamless RAID 1. The user doesn't have to be involved in that.
Then if one part of the array fails, sure, you have to replace the array, but you don't lose your data. That's the most important thing. Hard drive costs pale in comparison to the cost of replacing data.
You have to replace the array, plug both units in to transfer all the data over to the new one, wait ages for the transfer to finish, then unplug the old one and throw it away. That's a bit of a waste when it still has a working drive in it.
With real RAID you can hot swap the new disk in without any downtime and carry on working while the array rebuilds in the background, and not waste any disks.
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-nB
Re:Steady March of Progress (Score:4, Insightful)
Easy pr0n, somebody should calculate how much disk space is required given mpeg2 compression to ensure that someone would have the equivalent of 60+ years of pr0n, that is how big hard disks will get.
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60 years * 365 days per year * 10 minutes of wanking per day * 6 MB per minute of medium quality video = 1314000 MB = 1283 GB = 1.25 TB
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I performed this calculation when I saw the sizes being discussed and came to the conclusion that half a petabyte of storage ought to be enough for anybody.
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The reason that fuel efficiency and internet bandwidth haven't "increased" as much as hard drive space is because they are COMPLETELY DIFFERENT PROBLEMS with COMPLETELY DIFFERENT solutions.
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I think the question was not literal but more of a general "Why has humanity advanced so far in different aspects but have fallen short on others". We are all aware they are different issues, however it would be nice if other aspects of computing such as bandwidth kept up with hard-drive growth.
Issues can be broken up into three categories: technical, economical, and political.
How problems are solved, and how quickly they can be solved, depends greatly on which category said problem is in.
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Internet bandwidth: Huh? Ten years ago, almost everyone outside of a university was on dialup, if they had internet access at all; now, over 90% of residences have access to some kind of broadband. Sounds lik
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Well, yeah, sort of. My answer isn't exactly perfect, but there's something to it. Energy=work. Work can't be done without some sort of energy being done. Therefore, an object cannot be moved from point A to point B without expending energy.
So, yeah, I guess theoretically the amount of energy needed to move an object depends on how massive it is and how fast you want to move it. Which means, in that sense, the distance doesn't matter. Right? But it takes energy to move it there at 50 MPH.
But then,
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With regard to vehicle fuel efficiency there are other considerations in a practical everyday vehicle other than fuel efficiency. It has long been known for example that some very complex concept cars, when maintained meticulously by teams of engineers and employing technologies which are either extremely expensive, high maintenance, or impractical or all of the above, have achieved very high fuel efficiencies on the order of 70+ miles per gallo
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I'd like to know which factors have allowed (forced?) the disk storage industry to continue to advance at such a steady pace. I am well aware of Moore's Law and Kryder's Law [wikipedia.org], but these are just observations, not explanations.
Why haven't we seen similar improvements in fuel efficiency or internet bandwidth (in the US at least)?
It is profitable to replace old computer hardware every 18 months. It is not profitable to reduce the demand for fuel, on any timeline.
The real conspiracy isn't that they keep finding ways to increase storage capacity or decrease die size for semiconductors. The real conspiracy is that they gently walk us through an upgrade curve when they have radically more advanced processes perfected in the labs. In this respect, laws such as Moore's law could be considered to be business guidelines for how quick
And of course this means.... (Score:2)
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Oh, there'll be media offcourse, you need to store stuff -somewhere-, but bundling the data, which is what you pay for, and the storage-medium is no longer interesting, makes about as much sense as selling water, and insist it only be stored in YELLOW bottles, not BLUE ones damnit.
Music, Movies, Software, these are all just data. Where I want to -store- my data is up to me, I will choose based on price/performance/convenience, but my ch
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Not sure why you weren't modded up...
HD-DVD vs. BlueRay ? Pfff ! (Score:2)
Complain ? /. will have no-name korean multi-format burner that will handle both HDDVD and BlueRay.
Why complain ?
By then, most users and all
HDDVD and BlueRay is no real format war and has nothing to do with the old VHS vs. BetaMax stuff. It's closer to the DVD "plus" vs. "minus", because with disc, multi-format are easily doable.
And are actually already done, several companies have ano
Costs (Score:1)
Don't panic. (Score:1, Funny)
When is it going to stop? (Score:1)
When are they going to stop to push down their latest technology innovations down the consumer's throat? Most households don't need a frigging TB of HDD space.
They should direct their sales to the server and business market.
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We know how that ended
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Lots of average households fill more than that with nothing more than an HD DVR, without even getting into movies, home videos, photos or music.
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Now, if you'll excuse me, I need to go erode some pillars with my head (gets that awful marketing after-thought ou
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Just like how 640K of ram was "enough for everybody"... hmmm. Just like how supereme commander doesn't need 64-bit memory addressing... either way, the thing is we'll find ways to use it and the consumer is not the only customer of hard drive technology don't forget. The medical and scientific community need enormous amounts of storage for the volume of data that is being generated for research purposes.
I'm already filling up over 2 terabytes of hard
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It just seems stupid to me to buy a HDD larger than you need. They should focus more on performance and reliability instead of size.
By the way, my non-development PC that I use most has a 6.2 GB HDD, which is currently barely 1.5 GB full.
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Reliability and performance? Build the disk with three platters, each with independent head control on both sides. RAID in a box. You'd get the performance advantages of RAID without the inherent disadvantage of having n times as many spindles to develop bearing problems. I'd certainly buy a terabyte disk with built-in RAID 5+1. That would rock.
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When one platter goes bad, you're still screwed. The point was that it's a way to get better performance, and would be about as robust as a single non-RAID drive, making it a good alternative to RAID for people who would not otherwise bother with RAID (e.g. typical home computer users). I didn't mean to imply that it would be a good substitute for RAID in situations where RAID would currently be used.
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Uh... I meant that if one platter goes bad in a standard (non-RAID) drive, you're just as screwed as you would be in a drive like I suggested. Sorry... not enough caffeine to be posting this late at night.
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2-Way Wrist HD (Score:4, Interesting)
It could also enable a 750-gigabyte 1" radius HD, if they're really clever. Which could serve the Bluetooth wristphone/player we've all been waiting for. So we can stop referring to that mobile multimedia terminal as a "phone", and again more accurately as a "watch".
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And you thought I was going to say Windows!
For the average person (Score:3, Insightful)
Most of these are on thousands of computers.
Wouldn't a good sharing/streaming protocol/project be the solution for storage for the average person?
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Of course, the problem with that is the idea of "copyright". If we were most concerned with conservation of resources, reliability of backups, and easy distribution, we probably would have made a huge shared filesystem using methods similar to bittorrent, and all movies/music would be stored online and made readily available to anyone with an internet connection. Storing this stuff on your local hard drive would be only necessary for the purpose of caching it so you could listen offline.
Still, big hard d
40-terabyte hard drive (Score:4, Funny)
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It was always easy if you were into audio recording. Digital video has, of course, compounded this a lot, but I've wished I could increase the size of my storage for about as long as I can remember. Even for plain old text, 40 megabytes isn't a lot. Are you telling me you didn't have more than 50 3.5" floppies?
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So 13 to 23 years ago.
Given that many Slashdoters had their first computer at 10 years old, its entirely posible for you to be only 23 which for many people isnt old at all.
If you ever want to put a date on a hard drive you can use my page here:
http://www.mattscomputertrends.com/harddiskdata.html [mattscomputertrends.com]
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G3t 0ff my l4wn
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Filesystem Checking (Score:2, Funny)
634 Hours Remaining.
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My point exactly. Any kernel made in the last few years supports a journalling filesystem which recovers in seconds from a dirty shutdown. It probably even recovers faster on larger disks as the journal is usually of a fixed size, and bigger disks are usually faster than smaller ones.
The grandparent is talking about what would happen if you used ext2 for a drive with a s
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The capacity is growing hugely, but the data transfer speeds aren't really speeding up all that much.
It's like a giant dam of water with a tiny backyard tap attached at the bottom.
It makes copying and checking quite time consuming.
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How do you back it up? (Score:3, Interesting)
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The real problem is that the transfer rate is not keeping up with the capacity increases, so the amount of time it takes to fully duplicate a drive keeps going up. Maybe it's time for multiple heads per platter, kind of like the 72X CDROM drive from a while back.
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High performance tape library.
Keep peoples works local and on a central server.
There are solutions. I get 550 an hour to consult, let me know if you need any work done.
Why Not Even Bigger? (Score:4, Interesting)
A 2.4cm drive has an area (just for this thought experiment) of (1.2 x 1.2)pi, or roughly,4.52 sq cm. now, a 10 inch drive (24cm) has an area of 45.2 sq cm.
So, that would make it a 45 TB drive. Data retrieval might be kind of slow, but: if you have massive RAM caching, it could be of great use. Imagine a home theatre with something like this.
Imagine buying a drive like this that comes pre-installed with every song ever produced by WEA or EMI or Sony/Columbia. Say, everything from 1925 onward. How much would you pay for such a drive?
Or, ALL the movies ever made by (name your favourite) movie studio between (date x) and (date y).
I'd pay some serious green for that. All the classic movies. All the great songs of history.
That's what we're facing, very very soon: the trivialisation of media technology.
And eventually, that 25cm drive holding 45TB becomes a 2 inch drive holding 90TB.
We should be able to predict the arrival of the $500 2 inch exabyte drive.
The entire collection of world culture, audio in mp3, film in mp4, and images in jpg. Japanese, chinese, American, canadian, English, French, Italian, Russian, etc etc etc. on one or maybe two drives, or even one for audio, one for video, and one for images.
what then? with all of audio and visual culture at your fingertips, what will we do with it? what will a society in the future (assuming it doesn't implode with the loss of petroleum, or vapourise itself fighting over it) DO with that much data commonly available. to anyone?
Will it be possible to write a new melody? Will it be possible to tell a new story? Will it be possible to make an image that matters? Some would argue that imaging is dead - eaten alive by advertising. some would argue that film is dead as all the stories are told, and now we're in a grid of "1 from column A, two from column B" kind of mix and match story telling. And some say that even music itself has run its course - washed up on the blandishments of pop, the inaccessibility of the academy, and the dumbed-down rumbling of a sold before it was born hiphop, and an inchoate melange of world music that mimics and fights the imperial culture.
When it's ALL on your drive, who cares? will culture just gradually wither away?
Maybe we will do better when the oil runs out, and the machines stop working. We'll have to sing to each other, and tell stories to each other by the fire, instead of the sitting around having the fire tell stories to us.
RS
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Math error. 452 cm^2. Remember, you're squaring that 10.
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That's a lot of storage...
HW
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But most people couldn't be bothered to read anything longer than a book chapter. Sort of like putting a banquet in front of someone who just ate. You can only consume so much.
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You can always sample higher and add more channels. Try 192Khz at 32 bits per sample in 6.1 channels. And, of course, lossless compression or WAV files for pristine sound.
What good is the entire song ever made by the big 4 if it sounds like crap in stereo 128 kbps.
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My student loan company says I paid roughly $15,000 for it, and it was a do-it-yourself model.
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For easy reference, here's a list of all the replies you will be getting because of the above statement:
How about transfer speeds? (Score:2)
Maybe it's time that manufacturers start using multiple heads per platter to cut down on seek times and increase bandwidth. I'm sure there are people that would pay for double the bandwidth...why hasn't anyone done this yet?
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Yeah, but... (Score:4, Insightful)
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The best humor often is, although I was really posting more in a bitter tone of voice than a sarcastic one, and so I was surprised by the mod as well.
Danger! (Score:3, Funny)
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Translation (Score:2)
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I want quantity (Score:2)
The hope in increasing storage capacity is that at some point you'll hit a magic number that will basically mean "unlimited" for your needs. One example is documents. It used to be in the old days you could easily fill up a floppy disk with documents so you started fiddling around with multiple floppies to store your crap. The same was true to some extent for CDs. Once people started burning CDs. Suddenly you had collections of CDs filled with audio and data because each disk simply did not have enough cap
Oblig... (Score:2)
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