Two Tiny Gas Turbines 202
Turbines are in the news this morning. bobtheimpossible writes to point out a BBC article on a Swiss turbine that runs at half a million RPM and generates 100 watts. It's the size of a matchbook. And af_robot alerts us to an even more diminuitive gas turbine on a chip, developed at MIT, that generates 10 watts — plenty for portable electronics — and should run 10 times as long as a battery of comparable weight and cost. A commercial version is 3 to 5 years away.
Still Mechanical Conversion to Energy (Score:4, Insightful)
It's still a mecanical conversion of a compounds to energy, with all the inefficiencies that go with it, including disposal of waste heat. Where's these fuel cells I keep hearing about?
10 props for neat, anyway.
also, can it do this? [asciimation.co.nz]
Re:Still Mechanical Conversion to Energy (Score:5, Funny)
Why "A commercial version is 3 to 5 years away" of course...
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this should be a reference note withing the Hitchhikers guild to the Galaxy
Onepoint
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Not only the heat, but am I going to have to get my notebook smogged?
Re:Still Mechanical Conversion to Energy (Score:4, Funny)
Not only the heat, but am I going to have to get my notebook smogged?
Just don't let SONY make these. They will have a rootkit and burst into flames, even when turned off.
Inefficiencies? (Score:2)
"...The matchbox-sized motor generates the equivalent of 100 watts..." "...and has an efficiency of close to 95 percent..."
Re:Inefficiencies? (Score:5, Informative)
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Clearly, what the article is referring to is not the efficiency of the turbine, but the efficiency of the generator connected to the turbine. Ie: the turbine is probably very inefficient, but the generator is 95% efficient in converting the mechanical energy of the turbine to electricity.
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> so who knows what they actually mean...
It is fairly clear that they mean that the efficiency of the generator at converting mechanical energy into electical energy is 95%. The BBC article where the 95% number appears mentions gas turbines only in passing, noting that one could be used to drive the generator (which is what the article is about, despite what the Slashdot summary says).
6000C combustion? (Score:4, Informative)
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Which materials do you propose lining the combustion chamber with?
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At 6000 degrees? I'd certainly expect them to be shiny, if they haven't evaporated altogether :-)
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It's all about mass here; the amount of mass in the combustion chamber can't be much at all, so even if the gas is 6620K, the metal shouldn't quite get to the breakdown point of the liner mat
6000C past temp limit of combustion gases (Score:3, Interesting)
Anyway, the scramjet is the ultimate exercize in drinking from the firehose. A normal turbo or ram jet engine has a diffuser to slow the incoming airstream to some managable subsonic value, burn fuel, and drive the turbines. Trouble is that if you are going fast
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Re:6000C combustion? (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:6000C combustion? (Score:4, Informative)
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Dams are subject to Carnot as well (Score:2)
You simply have not considered the rest of the cycle.
The falling water does work. In order to do work, the water has to be lifted, that is, work must be done. The work is done by the gases in atmosphere. The heat comes from the sun. Gases in the atmosphere absorb the heat and expand(do work).
How much solar energy is required to lift X Kg of water Y meters when the starting and ending temps are both between 273 and 373 K? A lot more than is delivered at t
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Re:Inefficiencies? (Score:5, Informative)
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As other Slashdotters have mentioned however, this turbine appears to greatly exceed the theoretical max efficency for a heat engine unless they run it at insane temperatures. This fact tends to set off the BS alarm in my head.
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5 Watts, which isn't a lot of heat to remove.
Still, I'd think about using it as a power source for vehicles, if I believed they could scale it from 100W to about 125kW. (125kW, given 80% motor efficiency, is about the right amount to get 0-60 in about ten seconds given a load of 1 tonne or 1,000 kg. It's an engineering magic number, so far as I'm concerned).
Fuel cells aren't much more efficient (Score:2)
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=Smidge=
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> article.
Perhaps you should read the BBC article. Hint: it isn't about gas turbines.
Comparason to battery is flawed (Score:2)
A battery stores all its fuel + waste products onboard. A turbine needs a bunch of extra peripheral stuff to store its fuel and waste products. Come back when you have a wholse solution.
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Read the damned article. The Swiss device is a generator, not a turbine.
Warning (Score:2, Interesting)
Actuallly should be pretty tough (Score:3, Interesting)
I'd hate to see one of these things throw off a blade while it's powering your iPod on the subway, though.
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I would worry about dust, sand, bugs and other small bits getting pass the air inet.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroscope [wikipedia.org]
gyroscope? (Score:3, Interesting)
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Also, at 500k rpm, what kind of damage will it do if/when it fails.
Re:gyroscope? (Score:4, Funny)
Re:gyroscope? (Score:5, Insightful)
The same is true of the gyroscopic motion - the reactive force is a function of the applied force and the angular momentum. If the moment of inertia of the rotor is very small, the reactant force is likewise small.
Also keep in mind that this device has a designed power output of 100 W, which is at least one, if not two, orders of magnitude greater than what you'd need for an mp3 player.
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Can I use one to power an electric motor in a remote control vehicle?
Or to charge a super capacitor in a remote control vehicle?
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Your questions really relate to power (watts), and amperage only one aspect of power.
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you also dont generally wear one in your shirt pocket.
Dupe with no more info (Score:5, Interesting)
Not the first portable gas devices! (Score:3, Insightful)
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They are gas turbines, silly, eat a bean burrito and you're golden!!
"Cluster"? (Score:2)
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Re:"Cluster"? Not a bad idea! (Score:2)
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Power generation (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Power generation (Score:5, Interesting)
I think the future might be in portable power and backup devices - having a refillable, continuous 7-15kW power supply in a breadbox. With the right gear ratios, it could put out sinusoidal 60hz power for AC backup, though synchronizing the signals and preventing drift across the array would be a task in itself.
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Take ypur pick, you can generate from 0.001 volts at insane amps or millions of volts at nearly no amps.
Watts are universal and translate to all voltages.. anyone with a very basic background in electricity or electronics knows this.
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On the other hand, if you've got one of those spindly, death-trap solar racers, you get two and a half hours of daily operation from a single generator.
(assuming 100% conversion efficiency all around.)
fill them up? (Score:2)
they talk about putting these in mobile phones, but I wonder if they are gas powered how they will be re-filled. I wonder if we will end up in a situation where we have to wait for the gas man to come each morning if we run out
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Exhaust? (Score:2)
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With 100W at 95% efficiency, it doesnt output more CO2 than a human breathing.
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OK I JUST HAD TO look this up. Check my math if you must. I make no promises.
Lets break the question into its constituent parts:
A gallon of gasoline contains about 31,000 Calories
1 watthour =
A gallon of gas contains 31000 Calories
Convert Calories per gallon into watts hours per gallon: 31000 * (86/100) = 26660 watt hours per gallon (at 100% efficiency)
That means the device would produc
momentum? (Score:2)
Ear plugs? (Score:3, Insightful)
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Reversal of use (Score:3, Interesting)
Heat? (Score:2)
None have run yet? (Score:2, Interesting)
Material fatigue? (Score:3, Interesting)
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Assuming a 5 mm diameter (could be slightly larger or smaller, I dunno) at 500k RPM that's about 4.6 MPH on the outside. Also consider the parts would have very little mass and could probably be blocked with nothing more than a thin sheet of aluminum.
ie. less than 5 MPH, no real risk there unless maybe a tiny bit of metal went in your eye but as I said this should be trival to shield.
Of course my math might be wrong as I'm in a hurry, please double check me.
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Uncontained turbine failure = bad Ju Ju (Score:2)
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Have you ever seen the results of a *contained* failure? A while back, as the Boeing 777 was just coming into commercial use, PBS ran a long special (or maybe a series of episodes, I forget) about the plane. They showed how they wrapped the engine in some kind of special kevlar blanket, then tested it by shooting something into a fully spun-up engine.
The outsides of the engine (the whole chamber) sort of bulged out maybe 6-12", then c
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I'm an aeronautical engineer (although Avionics bent) and get sent pictures of contained and uncontained failures and crashes all the time. Yeah, as someone ^ pointed out, its all about the mass. If you can contain it then great. I'm just sayin.
SO this thing (with tiny mass) spinning at 1 million RPM going to have much gyroscopic rigidity? I guess you might need a few of them all orientated the same way before they'll stop you from t
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No, it is _not_ all about the mass. It also about the square of the radius. If you are really an aeronautical engineer you can do the math.
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I guess we can wait and see.
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Would you buy one? (Score:3, Interesting)
I'd like to see more work on battery technology and more pervasive conductive surfaces so every place I set my laptop and cell phone down helps charge it.
Not a Turbine (Score:2)
Article close to pure crapola! (Score:5, Informative)
The best large gas turbines do about 35%.
And efficiency drops very quickly with size-- you see friction goes down as the square of the size, while power goes down as the cube. Somewhere between the size of a sausage and a hot dog, all the turbine power is going into overcoming friction.
And the biz about 1 million RPM is pure hokum-- the worlds record is a bit below that, and that was with a tungsten alloy rotor in a vacuum chamber.
Methinks some press agent was drinking while on duty.
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Anyway - who cares? Efficiency in small devices is MEANINGLESS. What matters is power and energy density by volume and weight. This has both in spades.
Batteries are incredibly efficient, but you need to generate the power to charge them somehow. They also
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Methinks some slashdotters have reading comprehension problems. The BBC article which mentions 95% is about a Swiss generator, not a turbine. 95% is quite reasonable for a small generator. The article only mentions turbines in passing, noting that one could be used to drive the generator.
This is a DARPA spinoff (Score:3, Informative)
DARPA has been funding this kind of thing for years. Small turbines [m-dot.com] have resulted. DARPA was originally trying to develop bird-sized unmanned aerial vehicles. [wikipedia.org] That R&D program produced some flyable devices, but they didn't have the low cost and 2-hour endurance DARPA wanted.
DARPA-funded work at MIT resulted in some microturbine parts [memagazine.org] back in 1997. Progress has been slower than expected, but it's happening.
The microgenerator thing was intended as a military application. The idea is to have something small, maybe even wearable, a soldier can use to recharge all the battery-operated gear. Battery recharging in the field, where power outlets are rare, is getting to be a huge hassle in the US military. Current technology is to put power outlets on everything with wheels and an engine, but that creates its own headaches.
Not for laptops (Score:3, Funny)
'Cmon? Does everything have to be "a new way to power your laptop"? First, who the hell wants a 500,000 RPM anything sitting in their lap? The high squeal resonant frequencies will be hell once it is about two weeks old. I'll pass, and I'll ask the stewardess to shut down the guy trying to use one next to me. Second, what happens when the enterprize standardizes on this thing, and you have a cubicle farm of laptops spew CO2 (and a small component of CO) into the closed office atmosphere. I'll pass, and I'll use the Worker's Compensation claim to its max if I survive the asphixiation.
The guy says that he was surprised that designing the combustion chamber turned out to be easy, but the bearings were hard. He expected it to be the other way around. Well, no shit, Sherlock? Stationary components are easy and moving parts are hard. That applies to all mechanical systems. Duh? Someone else justified the high RPM in a previous post, noting how small the rotor will be. The gyroscopic forces trying to pull the laptop from your hands when the taxi rounds the corner will indeed be small, but the forces on the rotor bearings in relation to their size will be huge. The laptop may not rip from your hands, but it will get quiet (which the taxi driver will appreciate).
How about putting one of these in a container the size of a breadbox, and mounting it above a septic tank in a small village or country farm. Have it charge a battery as it feeds off the methane produced?
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I don't know a lot about resonant frequencies, but I can't imagine that you'll end up with many audible frequencies in the range of human hearing from a turbine running at 500kHz. CRT monitors used to squeel at a very high pitch-- let's say 10kHz just for the sake of argument-- and they were running at ~80kHz refresh rates? Where's that put the squeel of a
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> mounting it above a septic tank in a small village or country farm. Have it
> charge a battery as it feeds off the methane produced?
That would be silly. Such applications have no need for the tiny size and therefor no need to pay the extra costs required to achieve it.
10 watts -- plenty for portable electronics? (Score:2)
And I can't wait to read the headlines of the first bunch of software developers, found dead from carbon monoxide posoning after a long weekend of burning the midnight oil (or kerosene, butame or propane). Personal oxygen supplies may become the next big thing in office equipment.
Does it twist your arm? (Score:2, Interesting)
house droid power? (Score:2, Interesting)
http://store.irobot.com/product/index.jsp?product
But can I fly with it? (Score:3, Insightful)
The Sweet Spot (Score:2)
This is a generator. Not a gas turbine (Score:2)