Anti-static Polymer Stores Data, Too 116
Tau Zero writes "The BBC reports that a group of scientists (including Stephen Forrest) have discovered a new use for the anti-static plastic film polyethylenedioxythiophene: storing up to a gigabyte per cubic centimeter. The storage technology resembles an old fuse-link PROM; a bit of polymer between two electrodes conducts electricity when new, but a strong pulse turns it into an open circuit. The polymer is already cheap, and read/write speeds are claimed to be good. The researchers predict that this could be made into working devices in a few years (no word on whether this means devices in the laboratory or retail packages)." Update: 11/29 16:34 GMT by CN : Whoops, we already reported this earlier, and I was fooled into thinking it new by the BBC. Given the slump of news due to the holiday weekend, it's still worth mulling over, though.
Dupe (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Dupe (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Hmm... (Score:1, Insightful)
Re:Hmm... (Score:2)
Portable MP3 Players (Score:1, Insightful)
Re:Portable MP3 Players (Score:2)
Re:Portable MP3 Players (Score:1, Informative)
This technology takes at least few years until it's commercially available, and by that time there will be cheap 10-20GB flash cards.
WORM: write once, read many (Score:1, Insightful)
Any device resulting from their work would be a "write-once, read-many" format ... They team estimates that working devices could be up to 10 times more dense than current hard disks.
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:2)
Also, if it's random access and read-only, then you could have a bit somewhere in a "sector" that said 'this has been deleted', so you don't end up with enormous directories, but the data is still all there waiting for that necessary 'restore'....
Simon
Removable? (Score:1)
You could have a "sugar-cube" like holder for the device, and just pop a new one in when it has filled up.
In other words, like the memory cube they pulled out of the robot's head in that A.I. movie. But what if your OS is on one cube, the cube is nearly full, and somebody announces a security hole in your web browser? Will the downloaded updates need to spill onto a second cube? If so, will all computers need a whole bunch of cube drives?
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:1)
Unfortunately, "plastic" aka polymers does not equal to "cheap" in this case. This is a common misconception. These substances have to extremely pure, which makes them expensive.
In addition - In my opinion the whole story is a publicity stunt, I fail to see the real advantages.
-There are many other fuse materials avialable, I do not see the advant
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:5, Interesting)
Interesting analogy considering the state of the industry at the moment. Intel is working on a replacement for flash [ebnonline.com] that utilizes chalcogenide - the material used in rewritable disks like CDRW and DVDRW.
The idea is the same as what we have here except, instead of the "blown fuse" technique, the chalcogenide material stores data as a level of resistance (which can be set/reset trillions of times). Intel believes that this is a successor to flash, which is expected to hit the scalable wall at 45nm (2007-8ish). Because the chalcogenide material can be "programmed" to hundreds of unique levels of resistance, it is expected that Intel will get as much as 8 bits per cell, which will put density into or above that of conventional hard drives.
So there you have it - DRAM and hard drive replacement in one.
If you are looking for an investment that leverages this technology, consider Energy Conversion Devices [ovonics.com] out of Rochester, Michigan. The CEO is Stanford Ovshinsky of "Ovshinsky Effect" fame. They invented this technology back in the 60s and Gordon Moore even wrote a paper on it in 1970, I believe. But material technology is only just now beginning to develop to the point that this can become feasible.
Disclaimer - I am an investor in this company and I consider it EXTREMELY high-risk. The company is currently teetering on the edge of solvency.
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:2, Informative)
-Intel (and ST to a minor factor) are the only companies investing into this, all competitors have different technologies.
-A demonstration of reliable high density operation has still to follow. Handling local temperature differences of several hundrend kelvins within a sold state device poses many problems. Thermal stress will contribute to wear out, characteristics dri
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:4, Interesting)
Not true - Lockheed Martin [ovonyx.com] is also a developer. I should also note that there are many private developers that won't ever need a license if they ultimately can't create a working/profitable device.
-A demonstration of reliable high density operation has still to follow. Handling local temperature differences of several hundrend kelvins within a sold state device poses many problems. Thermal stress will contribute to wear out, characteristics drift etc etc..
Intel has already demonstrated a cycle life of 10^12 and expects data retention of 10 years at 120dC.
-How about process compatibility.. no mention about this, yet
Google for this. Intel is throwing the weight of their R&D to OUM because it is so process-friendly. They are currently running OUM alongside the Pentium 3.0Ghz line (not commercially viable / internal R&D use only).
A brief here... [intel.com]
Ovonyx non-volatile memory technology offers significantly faster write and erase speeds and higher cycling endurance than conventional Flash memory. It also has the advantage of a simple fabrication process, which allows the design of semiconductor chips with embedded non-volatile memory using only a few additional mask steps.
Interesting comments from the horse's mouth.
-Intel is also investing in competing technologies
Yes - but they are on record (see original EBN link from parent post) stating that OUM shows the most promise. But, as I did state earlier, I see this as extremely speculative. I would not be here if I was not a whore for the technology. I fully expect to do one of two things with my investment:
1) 100 fold return by 2010
2) lose it all
That is what speculation is all about.
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:1)
LM is not a semiconductor giant.. they probably just supporting it because it is less sensitive to ionising radiation. A characteristic it shares with MRAM.
Intel has already demonstrated a cycle life of 10^12 and expects data retention of 10 years at 120dC
1e12 is MUCH too little for practial matters (you mentioned dram replacement), competing technologies are magnitudes ahead. And afaik the tested structures were low density in 0.25 or 0.35 um technology.
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:5, Interesting)
From http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sys/doc/9.html
"The file server has three levels of storage. The central server in our installation has about 100 megabytes of memory buffers, 27 gigabytes of magnetic disks, and 350 gigabytes of bulk storage in a write-once-read-many (WORM) jukebox. The disk is a cache for the WORM and the memory is a cache for the disk; each is much faster, and sees about an order of magnitude more traffic, than the level it caches. The addressable data in the file system can be larger than the size of the magnetic disks, because they are only a cache; our main file server has about 40 gigabytes of active storage.
The most unusual feature of the file server comes from its use of a WORM device for stable storage. Every morning at 5 o'clock, a dump of the file system occurs automatically. The file system is frozen and all blocks modified since the last dump are queued to be written to the WORM. Once the blocks are queued, service is restored and the read-only root of the dumped file system appears in a hierarchy of all dumps ever taken, named by its date. For example, the directory
There are two ways the dump file system is used. The first is by the users themselves, who can browse the dump file system directly or attach pieces of it to their name space. For example, to track down a bug, it is straightforward to try the compiler from three months ago or to link a program with yesterday's library. With daily snapshots of all files, it is easy to find when a particular change was made or what changes were made on a particular date. People feel free to make large speculative changes to files in the knowledge that they can be backed out with a single copy command. There is no backup system as such; instead, because the dump is in the file name space, backup problems can be solved with standard tools such as cp, ls, grep, and diff.
The other (very rare) use is complete system backup. In the event of disaster, the active file system can be initialized from any dump by clearing the disk cache and setting the root of the active file system to be a copy of the dumped root. Although easy to do, this is not to be taken lightly: besides losing any change made after the date of the dump, this recovery method results in a very slow system. The cache must be reloaded from WORM, which is much slower than magnetic disks. The file system takes a few days to reload the working set and regain its full performance.
Access permissions of files in the dump are the same as they were when the dump was made. Normal utilities have normal permissions in the dump without any special arrangement. The dump file system is read-only, though, which means that files in the dump cannot be written regardless of their permission bits; in fact, since directories are part of the read-only structure, even the permissions cannot be changed.
Once a file is written to WORM, it cannot be removed, so our users never see ``please clean up your files'' messages and there is no df command. We regard the WORM jukebox as an unlimited resource. The only issue is how long it will take to fill. Our WORM has served a community of about 50 users for five years and has absorbed daily dumps, consuming a total of 65% of the storage in the jukebox. In that time, the manufacturer has improved the technology, doubling the capacity of the individual disks. If we were to upgrade to the new media, we would have more free space than in the original empty jukebox. Technology has created storage faster than we can use it. "
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:2, Informative)
Plan 9 [bell-labs.com] from Bell Labs already has [bell-labs.com].
Re:WORM: write once, read many (Score:1)
WORM (Score:3, Insightful)
The only way a new form of permanent media can become popular is if it is much cheaper, faster, and more durable than CD-ROMs.
Even then, a gig in a block the size of a sugar cube (plus supporting electronics). Already this takes up more space-per-gig than a DVD. What's the advantage?
Re:WORM (Score:5, Insightful)
Even then, a gig in a block the size of a sugar cube (plus supporting electronics). Already this takes up more space-per-gig than a DVD. What's the advantage?
Well.. For one thing what would you say about the fact that this technology doesn't use any moving parts? If you just plop some electrodes on it and can read the thing, then you're rid of ridiculous high spinning speeds, laser readers that need to move back and forth at insane speeds, etc.
Mad.
Re:WORM (Score:2)
Either way, you're not better off than now.
Re:WORM (Score:2)
But this thing is one piece - one cube. You could perhaps read more of it that way, but it more closely resembles a hard drive than RAM, in that they've both got to have something that works about the same way that the head does (either that, or their much more expensive).
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:WORM (Score:1)
I'll give you a hint....think replacment for usb solid state memory drives, cd-r, zip, and floppy disks, etc...
Faster correct link (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Faster correct link (Score:1)
All BBC sites are load balanced over two datacentres - one in London one in NYC - http://support.bbc.co.uk/support/network [bbc.co.uk]. I don't think your selection of customised news affects which DC you use.
Pedot (Score:2)
Although this entire idea sounds promissing, it is not the first time that I hear about storing gigabytes of data in a sugar-cube sized material for read only applications [google.ca]. Somehow they just do not materialize.
Re:Pedot (Score:1)
Re:Pedot (Score:2)
I could have made a much better movie from that book - actually explained something about the planet itself, made a good use of FX where needed (like when the phantom of the girl went through a steel door by smashing into it) etc.
Re:Pedot (Score:2)
Quality over quantity (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:1)
2. I agree with the first bit, see #1 for the last part.
3. They're out to get me! They really are!
4. Increased storage capacity means storage space becomes cheaper, not that it becomes available. I could get 10TB of storage space today, but that doesn't mean I can afford it.
For somebody of your
Re:4 (Score:1)
Seriously, look for it. Hard to get anything under 40GB, really. If the availability of increased storage capacity (and increased chance of failure) means you can't find something smaller and more reliable, is that a good thing?
Re:4 (Score:1)
For the few that only need 15GB and reliability, yes, it is a bad thing. But for the majority of us, cheaper/bigger drives are better.
Re:4 (Score:1)
So, this technology won't actually eliminate smaller R/W drives..
Re:4 (Score:2)
For backups, it's not really Write-once, read-many, it's Write-once, read-seldom. The media does need to be re-readable, but the majority will never be accessed again.
Ideally, for backup, you want something like 10 times the storage for 10 percent of the cost.
There should be some way to implement a file system using a large WORM drive and a smaller R/W drive so that the WORM drive stores the unchanging stuff and the R/W drive stores the changing stuf
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:1)
Not yet...
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:1)
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:5, Interesting)
More storage capacity can create some problems, and the ones you describe are among them. It also solves some problems, among which are problems that have held back basic scientific and medical research, as well as other fields that some people consider useful.
Just to address a few points:
Increased storage capacity can lead to a decrease in average data quality, not the total amount of quality data. So this only renders data useless if you have no way of finding just the data you want, or if you feel obligated to use all of it. In the rare cases that meet these criteria, having smaller storage doesn't solve the problem, it just makes the problem logically impossible to solve rather than logistically (because the data are gone, not just hard to find).
I find the argument that data will continue to grow fast enough to fill available storage unconvincing. The amount of storage I have now is much more than I had 20 years ago. Just like 20 years ago, I could probably use more disk space, so you're right in that sense. But I'm able to do many more things with that disk space now, like storing music, video, and data for my research. It's not that the same things I was doing before are now taking up more space. It's that the bigger disks I have now have made it possible to store much more of the data I would like to keep. Sure, digital pictures and movies keep sucking up more space. But that's a huge benefit of bigger storage. Right now I'm throwing away a lot of data I'd rather keep, in part because of storage (and in part because my current cameras have sensors that aren't up to it). I really do want these data, and bigger storage is critical to making it possible for me to keep them. The amount of storage I have could easily grow by two or three orders of magnitude without making it the least bit more difficult for me to index my data.
Lastly, I doubt that data storage is the limiting factor in shepherding us towards an Orwellian future. A few gigabytes of storage for everyone in this country seems like a good start. Mining that data will be difficult. Yet I doubt the mining difficulties are seen by the relevant people as a reason why more storage would be bad.
In short, I agree that dealing with large amounts of data can be difficult in some cases. I don't agree that it's bad for society.
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:1)
We keep two versions of each item, one is the Mac files, illustrator, quark, embedded raster art, etc. They are like the "source code".
Previously we never had the room to effectively store rasterized and print-ready 300 dpi separated files, the "output files". We had a tape based solution, but at the volumes of files we needed every day, it sucked big time. We needed random access.
When big hard disks became available for cheap, I helped the compa
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:1)
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:Quality over quantity (Score:2)
Cheap WORM == ultimate secondary storage (Score:5, Interesting)
Why spend extra money for a rewritable storage system if WORM is cheap enough?
Re:Cheap WORM == ultimate secondary storage (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:Cheap WORM: Most files written once (Score:2)
You can write upteen times to a harddrive, but most people don't. Most of the files on my harddrive have only been written once. Files such as system files (except preferences), application executables, digital camera images, copies of old documents, music files tend to be written once. Moreover, most of the files that have been
Re:Cheap WORM == ultimate secondary storage (Score:1)
SPEED is the factor you're overlooking in your smart conclusion.
Doesn't matter if its cheap, if its slow, its useless.
Re:Cheap WORM == ultimate secondary storage (Score:2)
Science vs. sci-fi (Score:4, Interesting)
I never expected to see a development like this; as a sci-fi aficionado, it's quite interesting to see some of the other methods that have been highlighted both fictionally and in the news. ;-)
The first thought that entered my mind was that this could be used, if sufficiently refined, in a similar manner to a USB "keyring drive" - you just carry all your data with you and snap it into a workstation wherever you go. This could well be the same deal... or it could be the basis for those goofy wood-block circuit elements they used in the original Star Trek
Or you could make smart cards "smarter"... more info, possibly with a tamperproof MD5 someplace so the information carried on the card can't be faked.
I do realise that data and Information Technology is becoming an increasing part of our lives, and there's a great drive towards more power and more storage - but what about reducing bloat, increasing security, and making data and software (whether for work, entertainment, whatever) of better quality? It's almost like something out of Philip K. Dick - eventually, we'll drown in our own digital kipple [technovelgy.com] (not to mention landfills consisting wholly of old PC components and AOL CDs)
Anyone got any idea how this method of storage stacks up against (real and theoretical) things like magnetic, optical, quantum, holographic and crystalline?
What this means to me: (Score:1)
"Internet1" (cache of the 'net as it stands today) could be stored in everyones
Internet2, of course, requires a whole lotta more garbage bags...
What about Holographic memory? (Score:3, Interesting)
As well as optical storage (which we already use with spinning discs CD/DVD) optical memory will be able to integrate into optical processors, such as the optical DSP that was recently announced in Israel.
Would this plastic storage would be sensitive to magnetic damage like a traditional hard disk as well.
Finally, I read that the Earths' magnetic field can 'flip' every 100,000 years and we're about due for another flip soon. This would cause tremendous damage to all magnetically stored data, as well as plenty of electrical equipment, as it is not a quick clean flip, but equivalent to a massive electromagnetic storm right under our feet - possibly lasting years according to archeological evidence.
Re:What about Holographic memory? (Score:1, Insightful)
Someone needs a review of science class (Score:4, Insightful)
(And IMHO, anyone who moderated the parent as "interesting" is even more ignorant than the poster. There are at least three of them with mod points in just one day, and that scares me.)
Re:Someone needs a review of science class (Score:1, Interesting)
YOU need a review. And new glasses. (Score:2)
That's the kind of hand-waving explanation I expect from people who have no understanding of what they're talking about. Scientists and engineers have quantitative understandings of such things, down to the fundamental units they're working with. FYI, conductiv
Re:Someone needs a review of science class (Score:1)
I think you may be advocating a specific doctrine on earth development rather than defending scientific research. Scientist are now finding evidence that things can happen very "quickly", and not everything follows the slow, orderly process. This causes problems for many people because it o
Re:Someone needs a review of science class (Score:2)
"Quickly", in geologic terms, is thousands of years. The measured rate of the decay of Earth's magnetic field is 0.07% per year [nasa.gov]. You should have known this before posting.
Re:What about Holographic memory? (Score:1)
http://www.almaden.ibm.com/st/data_storage/nrt/hol ography/ [ibm.com]
It seems that they moved it from my old bookmark position. It's also come on quite a way since 1990.
Re:What about Holographic memory? (Score:2)
Optical computers have been used in some specialty applications (e.g., optical correlators), but they are not usually cost effective.
As for a flip of the earth's magnetic field, that's probably not strong enough to damage any media, but it might result in higher radiation levels, with all sorts of unpleasant consequences.
Hmmm (Score:2)
Re:Hmmm (Score:2)
Fooled by the BBC? (Score:1, Offtopic)
Hey scientists! (Score:1)
I'm guessing this memory goo, e-paper and full bandwidth video phones are in the trunk of the flying car. Kill 10 birds with one stone!
New geek fashion statement? (Score:2, Funny)
TESA-ROM (Score:2)
Hold your horses (Score:2, Interesting)
There still are Polymer Memory, Ovionics Unified Memory (OUM), Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and ferro-electric RAM (FeRAM) [zdnet.co.uk] There is a lot of intresting memory-related projecs in progress, only time will show which of them are actually useful and will be installed in our future computers.
Re:Hold your horses (Score:2)
Its pretty good stuff, I've used it in some embedded designs (not for computers yet, very small RAM sizes).
Re:Hold your horses (Score:1)
Holiday? (Score:1)
Gigabyte per cubic centimeter? (Score:3, Insightful)
Theoretically, a 1-cm silicon memory chip stores way more than a GB per cc.
But good luck stacking them at that density with any hope of reliability.
PROM? (Score:1)
Where do we get this so called fuse-link pr0n?
All this "gigabytes per cubic centimeter" crap (Score:2)
Re:All this "gigabytes per cubic centimeter" crap (Score:2)
Re:All this "gigabytes per cubic centimeter" crap (Score:2)
Already run (Score:1)
what happened to "10G on a roll of scotch tape"? (Score:2)
Scotch Tape Storage [slashdot.org]
Unfortunately the link in the article is stale.
Why the cynicism dude? (Score:2)
Hold a DVD in your hand: 9gb in the palm of your hand!
Hold a Karma Rio in your hand: 20gb in the palm of your hand!
These things do happen!
Re:Why the cynicism dude? (Score:2)