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Consumer Ethanol Appliance Promised By Year's End

Posted by kdawson on Sun Apr 27, 2008 06:33 PM
from the and-a-pony dept.
Newscloud brings us news of a startup called E-Fuel promising to ship a home-brew ethanol plant, the size of a washer-dryer, for under $10,000 by the end of this year. We've had plenty of discussions about $1/gal. fuel — these guys want to let you make it at home. The company says it plans to develop a NAFTA-enabled distribution network for inedible sugar from Mexico at 1/8th the cost of trade-protected sugar, to use as raw material for making ethanol. A renewable energy expert from UC Berkeley is quoted: "There's a lot of hurdles you have to overcome. It's entirely possible that they've done it, but skepticism is a virtue."
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mattnyc99 writes "We've gotten excited here about the startup that claims it can make $1/gallon ethanol out of anything from trash to tires. But we've also seen how cellulosic ethanol is a better option, and how ethanol demand in general is only adding to the worldwide food crisis. So what about $1/gallon gasoline? NSF-funded researchers at UMass Amherst just completed the first direct conversion from cellulose using a new method of hydrocarbon refining, which they claim can be commercialized within 5-10 years and essentially make fuel out of anything that grows. Quoting: 'We already have the infrastructure in place to distribute liquid fuels. We're using them to power transportation vehicles today, and I think that's what we'll be using in 10 years and in 50 years,' Huber says. 'And if you want a sustainable liquid transportation fuel, biomass is the only way to go.'" The process is running at about 50% efficiency now; the $1/gallon figure is based on getting to 100%.
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  • Shortsighted? (Score:5, Informative)

    by moosesocks (264553) on Sunday April 27 2008, @06:39PM (#23217976) Homepage
    TFA mentions that the device requires 14 Lbs. (6.5kg) of NAFTA-approved nonedible sugar from Mexico, which costs approximately $0.025 per pound in addition to several other "ingredients". Regular "edible" sugar costs about $0.20 per pound.

    Apart from the blatant inefficiencies present in transporting these quantities of raw materials, I imagine that the cost of sugar will skyrocket even if the thing actually works.

    Probably not a good thing...
    • Not only is Ethanol shortsighted it is exactly the wrong direction for us to take. Ethanol is taken from food sources and results in local, regional and, as it increases in popularity, global increases in food prices as well as predictable food shortages.

      Besides the inefficiencies of transporting the raw materials, the finished product CANNOT be piped due to the inherent water in the ethanol rusting/corroding the pipes. So, the only means of transportation is truck, train or barge -- fossil fuel transportation systems.

      [!-- insert face-palm photo here --]

      Stupid, stupid, stupid.
      • by littlerubberfeet (453565) on Sunday April 27 2008, @07:05PM (#23218142)
        Two points: I agree that ethanol is the wrong way to go. ANY distilled biofuel is a bad idea. We need to start differentiating between distillates like corn or sugar ethanol and refined products like biodiesel. Biodiesel is best made from non-food sources like switchgrass. Incidentally, many biodiesel materials stocks are not grown on food-producing farmland.

        Second point: Trains use (1/5) the fuel of trucks per ton-mile, barges (1/10) and the engines are far easier to convert to biodiesel. Each cylinder in a train engine is something like 2 liters, and there are 12 of them. The engines are tolerant of crap. In fact on EMD locomotives, one never changes the oil, just the oil filter. I agree though, that using fuel to move fuel is not good.

        The point of mentioning trains though, is that railroads have to pay HUGE property taxes on the one best solution to their pollution. The railroads would see their property taxes TRIPLE on electrification improvements. That, coupled with high capital costs means that railroads won't touch electrification.

        If they did electrify, rail transportation could potentially be carbon-neutral. They merely need to buy the power from a renewable source.
        • Ethanol might not work for the USA, but don't discard it so fast.

          Look at Brazil for an example, here we make Ethanol from sugar-cane.It had virtually no impact on food price or availability, mostly because the culture is concentrated at the north-east region while our grain production is more concentrate on the middle and southern regions.

          Also, Ethanol harvested from sugar-cane is a good alternative for lots of developing coutries, because it would give them a valuable commodity to export.

          Ethanol would be good for Europe too, because they would have a cheaper alternative to petrol.

          But Ethanol is bad for the USA, mostly because you don't get the same level of production from corn, so it's more expensive. And you have to dedicate a bigger slice of land to produce enough to supply the demand for fuel, and this means less space for food.

          Also, the North American Petrol industry don't want to see their market taken away.

          Ethanol is viable, and it's already a reality here at Brazil. My car can run on both ethanol and gasoline, but since Ethanol is about 30% CHEAPER I almost never put gasoline on it.
          • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

            I would direct interested people to the following article at the oil drum. It discusses why Brazil's ethanol program is energetically feasible while the US program is impossible. Basically, they demonstrate that as soon as the energy gain is less than around 5:1, the economy spends all it's money on maintaining current energy needs instead of expanding. A ratio of less than 5:1 results in gradual degradation and stagnation of the economy.

            The Oil Drum [theoildrum.com]

            It's an *extremely* interesting read. It also explai

          • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

            And the fact that your country men are destroying the Amazon at a blazing pace for farmland while your government stands around mostly being inept makes you guys the poster child for the consequences attached to ethanol.
          • by polar red (215081) on Monday April 28 2008, @01:30AM (#23220548)

            Ethanol would be good for Europe too
            I think Europe will move to electrical cars. (trains are allready electric - diesels can't go very fast) Windmills and solarcells are being put up by the thousands over here.
        • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

          I don't think that inedible sugar would cut into food supplies in the US. It is likely that the sugar is rendered inedible so that it isn't subject to tariffs on importation into the US. But if demand goes up, it's going to raise the price of the edible sugar in Mexico and elsewhere. Like corn-derived ethanol is making corn and corn-derived foodstuffs more expensive, so will this with sugar. Really, ethanol should not be made from foodstuffs, only waste. And if we're wasting foodstuffs, we should be reduci
        • by InvisblePinkUnicorn (1126837) on Sunday April 27 2008, @07:24PM (#23218282)
          When governments such as the United States' starts offering farmers subsidies if they switch over to growing switchgrass and corn for ethanol, those farmers stop making food. This is the reason for the rise in price of flour, bread, beer, etc.
        • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

          Oh yeah, and... increased food prices are actually a good thing for all but the richest people in the world. The poorest people in the world make their money from selling food. Higher prices means better lives for and faster development for people in the poorest parts of the world.

          Even then you might argue that increased food prices are even GOOD for the rich people in the world since the development of the third world is ultimately good for everyone. More people with money means more customers which mea
          • by TubeSteak (669689) on Sunday April 27 2008, @08:55PM (#23218900) Journal

            Oh yeah, and... increased food prices are actually a good thing for all but the richest people in the world. The poorest people in the world make their money from selling food. Higher prices means better lives for and faster development for people in the poorest parts of the world.
            Are you serious?
            The price of rice, palm oil, wheat, and corn has risen by 60% to 100% over the last year.

            Within the last month, there have been food riots in 11 countries.
            Numerous countries have banned rice exports.
            The ones that haven't are raising export tariffs by large amounts.

            As for what's causing all this, the US deserves a big heaping portion of the blame, but there are also ~3 other major contributing factors, like the ongoing droughts in Australia and Russia and changing eating habits by the Indian & Chinese middle class.

            To specifically rebut your "better lives for and faster development for people in the poorest parts of the world" their fuel and fertilizer prices have gone up, just like everyone else's. Oh, and they're the ones rioting over food prices.
            • As for what's causing all this, the US deserves a big heaping portion of the blame, but there are also ~3 other major contributing factors, like the ongoing droughts in Australia and Russia and changing eating habits by the Indian & Chinese middle class.

              This is why it's hard to read /. comments at times: highly moderated comments with no substance to back them up. The problems with world food distribution have far more to do with trade barriers [nytimes.com] than food production or any other issue save perhaps inf

              • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

                That's only good for the poor if:
                1) They are farmers
                2) They farm significantly more than they (+their friends+relatives) can eat.
                3) The stuff they want to buy with the "doubled" income, does not itself increase in price (due to other people having to pay more for food and thus charging more for their goods+services).

                What we have here is an increase in energy/resource costs coupled with the dollar losing its value.

                To guess what happens when energy and resource costs go up, all you have to do is compare the e
              • by TubeSteak (669689) on Monday April 28 2008, @01:11AM (#23220464) Journal

                Short-term problems like food rioting will more than be off-set by the stability that enhanced GDP's will bring to small, impoverished nations whose only exports are agricultural products.
                Wow.
                You really have no clue what you're talking about, do you?

                From Wikipedia:
                2004 top three producers: China 26%, India 20%, and Indonesia 9%.
                2004 top three exporters: Thailand 26%, Vietnam 15%, USA (11%)

                Those numbers haven't changed much between 2004 & 2006
                (the last year for which the UN has numbers available) [fao.org]

                Now, out of those 6 countries, only one has not banned rice exports.

                Which means the farmers who grow those crops have realized almost a DOUBLING of their incomes. This doesn't refute my point, it reinforces it.
                I ran across this while poking around:
                http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007-2008_world_food_price_crisis [wikipedia.org]

                Unsurprisingly, there is a short paragraph [wikipedia.org] that looks like it is agreeing with you. However, if you go to the source, they have this to say just 4 short paragraphs later:

                Effects vary, with farming households benefiting, and others losing out. Overall, the economy suffers and reduced consumer spending on other goods and services puts a brake on economic growth.
                I also found this to be a touch humorous: "Many low-income countries face the double shock of rising bills for oil and food imports, hindering growth and pushing up inflation."

                High food and oil prices leading to inflation and low economic growth.
                Gee... that sounds an awful lot like what the USA is going through.
          • by LadyLucky (546115) on Sunday April 27 2008, @11:42PM (#23220054) Homepage
            I'm afraid you are completely incorrect on this issue. The vast bulk of poor people do not produce a surplus of food, they are either subsistence farmers, or urbanized poor. In neither case does increased food prices help them. There are now tens of millions cast back into extreme poverty because of global food prices.

            Even for those in poor countries that export foods, the developed world has so many tarrifs and subsidies that they are still not able to benefit from it (USA and EU, take a bow).

            Don't believe me? Fine. Last week's Economist [economist.com] had their leader article on exactly this topic. Go and read it. The Economist is an economic liberal, you will find them promoting trade and economic prosperity. They know far more about this issue than either you or me.

        • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

          I hear you. This is a very solvable problem. Solutions for converting gas pipelines to hydrogen pipelines have already been devised-- this is a far smaller issue.

          A bottle of tequila will sit indefinitely in a glass bottle, one could simple line existing pipe infrastructure with glass or any other material that ethanol doesn't corrode.

  • Oh, lol, internets! (Score:4, Informative)

    by Anonymous Coward on Sunday April 27 2008, @06:39PM (#23217978)
    They didn't mention the little fact about having to get a frelling federal ethanol production license. I looked into this a few years back, and...YIKES. (Pay lots of money. Send in a sample. Keep logs of your activities, etc. etc.)

    Oh, and how about calculating in electricity costs?
  • $10,000?! (Score:4, Insightful)

    by erroneus (253617) on Sunday April 27 2008, @06:40PM (#23217984) Homepage
    That would take a LONG time to "pay for itself" and this doesn't even take into consideration the various restrictions on the use of such devices that will most assuredly follow shortly after competing interests start buying laws to that end. Further, what will the cost of unprocessed materials be? Ah yes, they'll go up in demand and the prices will rise too.

    This doesn't strike me as a good alternative.
  • by SeaFox (739806) on Sunday April 27 2008, @06:41PM (#23218000)

    The company says it plans to develop a NAFTA-enabled distribution network for inedible sugar from Mexico at 1/8th the cost of trade-protected sugar, to use as raw material for making ethanol.

    Of course, once this machine is actually available, I predict the price of that inedible sugar will suddenly rise to a level where using it to create ethanol yields a final price-per-gallon that is comparable to just buying E85 at your local gas station. After all, the sugar will suddenly have a much higher value in use as a fuel verses whatever they do with it now.
    • by shbazjinkens (776313) on Sunday April 27 2008, @06:49PM (#23218050)

      After all, the sugar will suddenly have a much higher value in use as a fuel verses whatever they do with it now.
      Answer: In addition to ethanol production already underway, it's used as sweetfeed for horses, pigs and some other livestock.

      Count on other things to go up as well.
  • by nweaver (113078) on Sunday April 27 2008, @06:45PM (#23218018) Homepage
    You've got the energy cost in growing the raw sugar, transporting a LOT of raw sugar, and distillation. WHich means a LOT of energy goes into this. And you only really save on taxes (beacuse otherwise, they could just do this in a big factory and bring it too, duh, gas pumps).

    • North Carolina will probably hunt you down and charge you with tax evasion. They did it in 2007 for a guy buying vegetable oil and converting it to biodiesel.

      hell they have been known to test fuel at events, to see if people are using fuel they don't like. They check NC registered trucks to make sure they don't buy fuel over the border.

      you think that they just won't slap a silly tax on the sugar?

      The one thing people keep ignoring as cars become more efficient are tax addicted governments are going to have to raise them to make up for the losses because of our efficiency and if we circumvent the whole tax strategy they have they will simply make a new one
  • E* (Score:2, Interesting)

    First off, just about any company named E* isn't going to be a company worth doing business with. Didn't anybody learn anything from the dot-bomb bullshit just a few years ago?

    Secondly, this will fly when somebody comes out with a gadget that will accept all kinds of organic household waste, not just some product that you have one source for. If there's a device that'll take all of the stuff I normally throw on my compost pile, I'll buy one.
  • They already have consumer ethanol appliances, they go by other names: bread makers, home beer breweries, and the like. Won't help me much on getting around in my car, but I'll be too full and drunk to care.
  • by Whuffo (1043790) on Sunday April 27 2008, @06:54PM (#23218080) Journal
    The time-honored method of turning sugars into ethanol is to ferment the sugars; the yeast culture will excrete ethanol until they perish in their waste products at about 7% ethanol.

    Then you just distill it to concentrate the ethanol. You'd probably have to make two or three passes through the still to get it up to E85 level.

    There's a couple of fairly significant problems with this scheme, though. One is the energy that's used to operate the still; where does that come from, how much does it cost? And the other one - and one that'll be very difficult to overcome - is that ethanol is the stuff we drink. Dilute ethanol with distilled water at about 50/50 and you get some so-so vodka. Add this or that flavor and you've got a party.

    The BATF isn't going to like this one little bit. Liquor taxes are an important source of revenue; they'll insist that you comply with their bureaucratic regulations if you're going to make any kind of product that contains ethanol.

    And if this magic box will produce 170 proof at $2 per gallon - how much of that is going in the car and how much will be going into mixed drinks? Imagine the parties; gallons and gallons of alcohol and more being produced in every neighborhood every day. I suspect the law of unintended consequences is going to kick in on this one...

    • Yup, exactly what I was thinking. Of course, if I spent the $10,000 on drinks I let someone else distill, I'd probably be better off. But you're right, in a frat house this device could pay for itself in two years!
    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)


      For distillation, you don't use "two or three passes". You use a distillation column with a few (20-40) trays. Ethanol comes out the top, water out the bottom (usually).

      It takes energy, but usually you can do heat integration to save a lot of energy in a chemical plant. If you have a stream that need to get hotter and another that needs to cool down, you put them through a heat exchanger to save on utilities.

      EtOH has another problem, it forms an azeotrope. You can't easily get above 95% EtOH using simpl
    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      The time-honored method of turning sugars into ethanol is to ferment the sugars; the yeast culture will excrete ethanol until they perish in their waste products at about 7% ethanol.

      Then you just distill it to concentrate the ethanol. You'd probably have to make two or three passes through the still to get it up to E85 level.

      Yeast cultures have gone a long way from the days of 7%, especially if you're distilling.

      At home, with a modern turbo yeast, you can get ~14% alcohol in 24 hours and 22% alcohol in 5~10 days if you add extra sugar.

      Some yeasts ferment cleaner than others, but if you're distilling, you might as well go as hot and as fast as the yeast will tolerate, since the impurities will come out in the fractionating column. With fractional distillation, you should never have to make more than one pass to get 95% alcohol.

  • Then people still store flammable ethanol in their garages and houses. Remember how that went in the...umm...like 60's or whatever, I dunno, I wasn't alive back then. You know, during all the gasoline shortages when people stored dozens of gallons in their garages. It turned out to be a bit of a fire hazard lol. But if people can make their own fuel without having to ship fuel across the country to the gas stations, that'd save like twice the gasoline than people think. Plus it would employ mexicans at
  • Petrol engines run incredibly badly on pure ethanol, unless they're set up correctly. You'd either need to get perfectly consistent results from batch to batch, or you'd need to be really really good at tuning engines (and I mean tuning as in carefully adjusting fuelling and ignition, not sticking blue LED windscreen washers on).

    If you're going to use biomass fuel, use biodiesel. The petrol engine is dead. Let it pass with some dignity.
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      Or you could just go buy a new Ford Taurus or any other flex fuel vehicle and let the car self-adjust to account for changes in fuel quality.
  • by soupdevil (587476) on Sunday April 27 2008, @07:15PM (#23218224)
    Is this "the answer" for our consumption and supply issues with gasoline? Of course not. There is not going to be a single answer, at least not until we figure out a better battery combined with a global solar grid. Meanwhile, prepare for a myriad of small solutions, like biodiesel, ethanol, heavy crude sources like tar sands and shale, converted coal, none of which are perfect on their own, but which, together, can bridge us to the next big thing.
      • Most of the current "green" momentum is about encouraging more consumption rather than less. The "green" movement these days is mostly driven by corporations looking to sell more products, so any solution which reduces consumer spending will be marginalized.
  • by l0ungeb0y (442022) on Sunday April 27 2008, @07:41PM (#23218424) Homepage Journal
    I am sure the International Ant Coalition will have something to say about this. It could get ugly folks.
  • Bad bad idea. (Score:4, Insightful)

    by ugen (93902) on Sunday April 27 2008, @08:20PM (#23218688)
    This whole Ethanol idea is a disaster waiting to happen.

    A simple fact - Mexico produces a total of 5 million tons of sugar a year. That amount, according to the article, is enough to make about 800 million gallons of ethanol. US consumes 400 million gallons of gasoline a DAY for transportation. That means the entire crop of Mexican sugar would be completely used up by cars in TWO days. What would we do the rest of the year I don't know. And guess what this would do to sugar prices. Also - no more sugar in your food either.

    And if the proposition is to use this as an addition to oil-based fuels, well - we are talking less than 1% of total gasoline requirement from entire Mexican crop. This would hardly make a dent in oil consumption, but sure as heck would wreck havoc on the sugar and food markets.

  • by FranTaylor (164577) on Sunday April 27 2008, @08:31PM (#23218750)
    We Irish had an advanced civilization long ago based on this technology, but then we started drinking the damned stuff...
  • by Fireshadow (632041) on Sunday April 27 2008, @08:33PM (#23218768) Journal

    The premise of the E-Fuel 100 MicroFueler is you pay 10K to have a pre-made still (for lack of a better word) to make ethanol. Then you take your home-brew and put it into your car. I'll let others poke holes in this approach.

    For $10,000 you can convert your gas powered car to be powered by electricity. "A typical conversion, if it is using all new parts, costs between $5,000 and $10,000 (not counting the cost of the donor vehicle or labor). The costs break down like this:

    • Batteries - $1,000 to $2,000
    • Motor - $1,000 to $2,000
    • Controller - $1,000 to $2,000
    • Adapter plate - $500 to $1,000
    • Other (motors, wiring, switches, etc.) - $500 to $1,000"
    The advantage here would be a form of daily transportation with zero-emissions, using a quiet motor that's cheaper to operate per mile (3).

    References

    1. 1)http://auto.howstuffworks.com/electric-car7.htm [howstuffworks.com]
    2. 2)http://www.electroauto.com/info/cost.shtml [electroauto.com]
    3. 3)http://www.ccds.charlotte.nc.us/~jarrett/EV/cost.php [charlotte.nc.us]
    • And what sad material is "inedible sugar?"
      Probably the same sort of material as denatured alcohol [wikipedia.org]. It contains poisons that don't affect the majority of uses but do interfere with human consumption.
      • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

        From the same article:

        Methanol itself is not toxic; rather, the toxicity is due to the accumulation of its metabolites -- formaldehyde and formic acid.

        Wow. By the same token, antifreeze (ethylene glycol) isn't really toxic. It's just the metabolites that will do you in.

        Can we just permanently ban Wikipedia references here and stop the madness?
        • by Afecks (899057) on Sunday April 27 2008, @07:27PM (#23218306)

          Can we just permanently ban Wikipedia references here and stop the madness?

          Why? Because you can't understand the difference and don't understand how to check citations? Go ahead and just ignore the citation that links directly to the Oxford Journal of Occupational Medicine. Clearly you're the medical expert and not those idiotic MD's at Oxford...
        • Re:Denatured alcohol (Score:5, Informative)

          by Guppy (12314) on Sunday April 27 2008, @09:32PM (#23219188)

          From the same article:

          Methanol itself is not toxic; rather, the toxicity is due to the accumulation of its metabolites -- formaldehyde and formic acid.

          Wow. By the same token, antifreeze (ethylene glycol) isn't really toxic. It's just the metabolites that will do you in.

          Can we just permanently ban Wikipedia references here and stop the madness?
          Wow, both snarky and unjustified. Attitude aside, the wikipedia article is technically correct from a biochemistry view, and practically correct from a medical view as well -- the distinction is what allows Methanol and Ethylene Glycol poisoning to be counteracted (if caught sufficently soon after ingestion).

          Block the metabolic conversion with the appropriate enzyme inhibitor (or a competitive substrate like lots of regular ethanol) and you block the toxicity. The Methanol and Ethylene Glycol will gradually be excreted, and do relatively little harm in the meanwhile due to their low inherent toxicities.
        • Re:Denatured alcohol (Score:5, Informative)

          by Anonymous Coward on Sunday April 27 2008, @07:08PM (#23218172)
          Denatured sugar exists mostly because of the corn sugar lobby, to whose influence we owe the incredibly high price of Sugar in the US. We pay this high price directly, due to incredible tariffs on the importation of sugar, and indirectly, due to tax dollars funding subsidies; furthermore, the fact that domestic producers can charge exorbitant prices and still compete with international product thanks to the tariff further exacerbates the problem.

          Additionally, some studies suggest that cane sugar is better for you than the high fructose corn syrup most commonly used in substitution for it, although according to some the jury's still out on that.
          • denatured alcohol being un-drinkable has more to do with taxes than sin.

            and denatured sugar has more to do with farm subsidies and protectionism than food quality or safety. The fact that when they denature grain alcohol or in this case sugar, suddenly the price plummets, tells me that those "food grade" products are horribly over priced.

            How insulting is it to the Mexican sugar farmer to tell him "If you want export sugar to the US, you have to poison it first and then only charge 1/8th the price that U
            • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

              "How insulting is it to the Mexican sugar farmer to tell him "If you want export sugar to the US, you have to poison it first and then only charge 1/8th the price that US farmers charge. But no you cannot immigrate to the US. Hooray for the North American Free Trade Agreement."

              I agree we need drop the sugar tariffs, and stop the corn subsidies, but c'mon....NO one is keeping Mexicans from immigrating to the US. All we ask is for them to follow the rules, and wait in line like everyone else from every othe

              • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

                Sinful ?
                What does that mean ? It can vary from faith to faith, and within faiths, and even then changes as religion evolves along with society.
                Calling things sinful, is simply meaningless, as it projects your theist views on others, who may have differnet interpretations of sinful.
                Some followers of Yaweh, will tell me that the yummy, healthy, normal sex I has last night is wrong and a sin.
                I can't take that crap seriously, so I can't take you comment about "sin" seriously.